Pleurodesis con sangre autóloga en el tratamiento del neumotórax en pacientes pediátricos

AIM OF THE STUDY: Recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) and persistent air leak (PAL) are a therapeutic challenge in some patients. Autologous blood pleurodesis (ABP) is an alternative treatment, but its usefulness in pediatric patients has not been determined yet.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of pediatric patients treated with ABP at our institution between 2010 and 2014, with special assessment of its indications, description of the technique, volume of blood used, complications and outcomes.

RESULTS: During this period, 29 patients were treated for SP. 5 of them (17.2%) received ABP. Indications were: 2 patients with recurrent SP after thoracoscopic bullae resection and pleurodesis and 3 patients with PAL (1 after thoracoscopic bullae resection and 2 in lung transplantation candidates who were not suitable for surgery). Median age was 14.3 years (11.9-16.6) and volume of blood used was 50 ml (26-60). The air leak stopped in a median of 2.6 days (1-7). One patient needed a second ABP for PAL and another one presented an ipsilateral recurrence of SP after ABP. Follow up time was 2.21 years (0.49-3.42). No complications were observed.

CONCLUSIONS: ABP is a cheap, safe and easy to perform procedure and may be considered as a therapeutic option in some pediatric patients with SP or PAL.