A Simulation-Optimisation Tool for Routing Drones in Realistic Conditions

The use of drones for routing and monitoring tasks has grown significantly, with applications such as traffic surveillance and road inspections gaining prominence . These real-world scenarios often involve unpredictable factors like fluctuating service times, which add complexity to traditional routing problems. This paper introduces a simulation-optimisation framework for routing drones under realistic conditions . To efficiently solve this problem, we propose a simheuristic approach that integrates a biased-randomised iterated local search metaheuristic with Monte Carlo simulation. Our computational experiments validate the efficiency, robustness, and speed of the proposed method, providing high-quality solutions to routing challenges in uncertain environments.