Abstract
This work has open new strategies in the synthesis of large molecules, such as dendrimers and metallodendrimers, and other nanostructured materials, in the boron chemistry field.The main aim of this work was the preparation of polyanionic boron-rich metallodendrimers containing cobaltabisdicarbollide derivaties at the periphery, with potential applications in biomedicine. For this purpose a set of novel Cc-mono- and Cc-disubstituted cobaltabisdicarbollide derivatives with silyl functions, [3]-[10], have been prepared by the reaction of lithium salts of [3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H11)2]-, [1], and [8,8'-C6H4-3,3'- Co(1,2-C2B9H10)2]-, [2], with different chlorosilanes. DFT theoretical studies at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory were applied to optimise the geometries of these compounds and
calculate their relative energies, showing a good concordance between theoretical and experimental results. The unexpected formation of a bridge -mu-SiMe2-between both dicarbollide clusters, through the Cc atoms, after the reaction of the monolithium salt of cobaltabisdicarbollide with HSiMe2Cl, suggested an intramolecular reaction, in which the acidic Cc-H proton reacts with the hydridic Si-H, with subsequent loss of H2. Some aspects of this reaction have been studied by using DFT and QTAIM calculations.
From all the previous compounds, the anion [1,1'-mu-SiMeH-3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)2]-, [5], was chosen as hydrosilylating agent for the preparation of different types of metallodendrimers. Thus, different generations of polyanionic metallacarborane-containing metallodendrimers were constructed via hydrosilylation of various generation of carbosilane and cyclic carbosiloxane dendrimers containing terminal vinyl functions with [5], to achieve the corresponding metallodendrimers with four and eight peripheral cobaltacarboranes. For metallodendrimers with high molecular weights, the UV-Vis spectroscopy was used for corroborating the full functionalization and consequently the unified character of dendrimers. The solubility of these dendrimers is very interesting from the point of view of potential applications, i.e. in medicine or BNCT. For that reason, some solubility studies have been carried out by using UV-Vis measurements in water/DMSO solutions of these metallodendrimers. Following the same strategy, poly(aryl-ether) type dendrimers with a fluorescente core and peripheral allyl functions have also been hydrosilylated using the anion [5], to obtain metallodendrimers with three, six and twelve cobaltacarborane moieties.
Other type of polyanionic poly-(alkyl aryl-ether) metallodendrimers have also been prepared by using the ring opening reaction of the 8-dioxanate in [3,3'-Co(8-C4H8O2-1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)], by the nucleophilic attack to the oxygen with the alcoholate functions obtained by deprotonation of the alcohol groups (-OH) located at the starting dendrimers periphery.
Carborane-containing siloxane and octasilsesquioxane derivatives have been prepared following a hydrolitic approach by hydrolisis-polycondensation of carboranylchlorosilane
or carboranylethoxysilane.
In parallel, we have also worked on the anchoring of cobaltabisdicarbollide phosphorous derivatives on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles and oxidized silicon wafers. The functionalization of the surface results from the formation of Ti-O-P bridges by condensation of P-OH groups with surface hydroxyl groups and coordination of the phosphoryl groups to surface Lewis acidic sites.
Besides, for anchoring cobaltabisdicarbollide derivatives on the surface of an oxidized silicon wafer, two different approaches were used, both based on the ring-opening reaction of the 8-dioxanate [3,3'- Co(8-C4H8O2-1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)] with amines or isocyanate functions previously anchored to the surfaces. Thus, cobaltabisdicarbollide derivatives have demostrated to be suitable groups for functionalization of dendrimers and other nanostructures such as nanoparticles and wafers providing a large number of materials with interesting potential applications.
| Date of Award | 10 Jun 2009 |
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| Original language | Spanish |
| Supervisor | Luis Escriche Martinez (Director) & Maria Rosario Nuñez Aguilera (Director) |