Manejo eficiente del asma aguda y crónica en pediatría

Abstract

Background. Despite the many advances in the knowledge of its pathophysiology and its treatment, even today it is accompanied by a very significant morbidity and mortality and represents a very important problem in terms of quality of life and care costs. It is important to provide evidence that helps to manage the disease in an efficient way, that is, trying to achieve the highest level of health from a given resources. Objectives. To provide evidence that helps manage acute and chronic pediatric asthma in a more efficient way, through cost-effectiveness studies of the use of medications used to manage asthma exacerbations and/or their route of administration of these medications, and a study that identifies predictors of response to asthma controller medications to perform specific recommendations for a personalized and more efficient management of pediatric patients with persistent asthma. Methods. Two economic evaluations were carried out, specifically cost-effectiveness studies to compare the administration of salbutamol via nebulization with compressed air and/or oxygen vs. by metered dose inhaler coupled to a spacer (IDM+S), and to compare the administration of prednisolone vs. oral dexamethasone for treatment of pediatric patients with asthma exacerbations. Additionally, a systematic literature review of all studies identifying phenotypic or genotypic characteristics useful to predict the response to controller asthma medications. Results. The cost-effectiveness study of NEB vs. IDM+S showed that for the treatment of asthma exacerbations in pediatric patients, the administration of salbutamol via IDM+S compared to its administration via NEB was associated with lower treatment costs (US.

Date of Award	23 Feb 2021
Original language	Spanish
Supervisor	Gerard Urrutia Cuchi (Director)