Lattices over polynomial rings and applications to function fields

Abstract

This thesis deals with lattices over polynomial rings and its applications to algebraic function fields. In the first part, we consider the notion of lattices (L,| |) over polynomial rings, where L is a finitely generated module over k[t], the polynomial ring over the field k in the indeterminate t, and | | is a real-valued length function on the tensor product of L and k(t) over k[t]. A reduced basis of (L,| |) is a basis of L whose vectors attain the successive minima of (L,| |). We develop an algorithm which transforms any basis of L into a reduced basis of (L,| |), for a given real-valued length function | |. Moreover, we generalize the Riemann-Roch theory for algebraic function fields to the context of lattices over k[t]. In the second part, we apply the previous results to algebraic function fields. For a divisor D of an algebraic function field F/k, we develop an algorithm for the computation of its Riemann-Roch space and the successive minima attached to the lattice (I ,| | ), where I is a fractional ideal (obtained from the ideal representation of D) of the finite maximal order O of F and | | is a certain length function on F. Let K be the full constant field of F/k. Then, we can express the genus g of F in terms of [K : k] and the indices of certain orders of the finite and infinite maximal orders of F. If k is a finite field, the Montes algorithm computes the latter indices as a by-product. This leads us to a fast computation of the genus of global function fields. Our algorithm does not require the computation of any basis, neither of the finite nor the infinite maximal order. Let A be the localization of k[1/t] at the prime ideal generated by 1/t. The concept of reduceness and the OM representations of prime ideals lead us in that context to a new method for the computation of k[t]-bases of fractional ideals of O and A-bases of fractional ideals of the infinite maximal order of F, respectively. In the last part, our algorithms are applied to a large number of relevant examples to illustrate its performance in comparison with the classical routines.

Date of Award	1 Jul 2014
Original language	English
Supervisor	Enric Nart Vinals (Director)