Influencia del monómero residual, el diseño y la falta de ajuste de las prótesis dentales con soporte mucoso, en las lesiones de la mucosa oral

Abstract

Introduction. The pathology of the oral mucosa includes injuries and alterations related to the use of mucosal-bearing dental prostheses made with acrylic materials, both recent and old. Its etiology may be due to the trauma of a poor fit or design that fails to transmit the occlusal forces in a homogeneous way and / or generates friction, contacts and overpressures on the oral mucosa and adjacent soft tissues. On other occasions, the chemical elements of the materials will be responsible for certain mucosal reactions, both due to free monomer residues and other compounds of acrylic resins. The working hypotheses, on the one hand, point to incorrect designs and a lack of fit as possible causes of certain lesions in the oral mucosa and, on the other, to the techniques applicable to the processing systems of self-curing acrylic material to reduce the presence of residual monomer and, consequently, avoid reactions that can generate allergic contact stomatitis in the patient._x000D_ _x000D_ Objective. To determine the relationship between oral tissue injuries of prosthetic etiology, in patients with complete dental prostheses, with aspects of their design, their lack of fit and with the polymerization procedures of the acrylic materials with which they are manufactured._x000D_ _x000D_ Method. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, case series study, prevalent, therefore retrospective, has been carried out in patients with complete, complete unimaxillary and partial removable Kennedy class I and II dental prostheses._x000D_ _x000D_ Results. Out of 144 patients, 288 upper and lower prostheses have been analyzed that have caused acute and chronic injuries in 18.40% due to incorrect design and in 12.15 % due to lack of adjustment. Self-curing resins with treatment during and after polymerization have not generated allergic contact stomatitis in 25 patients with complete dentures - 50 dentures -, 59 patients with unimaxillary full dentures, and 154 Kennedy class I and II partial dentures._x000D_ _x000D_ Conclusion. Incorrect design and poor fit of complete dentures are related to some lesions of the oral mucosa. Heat and water treatment of self-curing resins during and after polymerization has been effective in preventing the presence of allergic contact stomatitis.

Date of Award	5 Feb 2021
Original language	Spanish
Supervisor	Vicente Fonollosa Pla (Tutor)