Factors pronòstics i predictius en sarcomes de parts toves

Abstract

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are malignant mesenchymal tumours with multiple histological subtypes and a high potential to metastasize. In localised STS of the extremities and trunk, neoadjuvant anthracycline and/or ifosfamide-based chemotherapy treatment can be proposed based on established risk factors such as size, depth, grade and histology._x000D_ To identify possible prognostic or predictive biomarkers of response and/or survival to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localised STS of the extremities, two studies were proposed. In the first, pharmacogenetic variants of genes involved in the metabolism of anthracyclines and/or ifosfamide were analysed; it was observed that two polymorphisms in the ABCC2 gene (rs3740066 and rs22736097) were associated with higher toxicity and worse survival in patients treated with anthracyclines and a polymorphism in the ALDH1A1 gene (rs3764435) was associated with worse prognosis in patients receiving neoadjuvant ifosfamide._x000D_ In the second study, CXCR4 expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry as a prognostic biomarker before and after neoadjuvant treatment; the results show that CXCR4 expression identifies a poor prognostic subgroup, especially in synovial sarcomas and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas._x000D_ These results are encouraging for further research into prognostic and predictive biomarkers of toxicity and response to treatments in STS, and thus advance the development and application of personalised medicine in oncology.

Date of Award	21 Feb 2025
Original language	Catalan
Supervisor	Ana Sebio Garcia (Director)