Background: The study of resilience has been intensified since the eighties and is still a construct in the process of definition; however, the trend with more empirical support is the one defining resilience as a dynamic process that entails a positive adaptation in contexts of great adversity. From this perspective, resilient behavior is better understood in the ecological model, as a result of the interaction between individual, relational, community and cultural variables. The Child Youth Resilience Measure scale (CYRM-28), developed in Canada and based on the ecological model adapted by Ungar in 2004 and 2008, has been validated in several countries and we consider the validation within the Spanish population as a capital issue. Objectives: (Study 1) Analyze the concept of resilience in children, adolescents and young adults and identify the dimensions with the Ungar model; (Study 2) Adapt the CYRM-28 scale to Spanish people according to the local culture and (Study 3) Analyze the psychometric properties of the CYRM-32 scale in a sample of the Spanish population. Methodology: In the study I, a systematic review of the literature, published between 1991 to 2016, was carried out according to the PRISMA statement: 53 articles met eligibility criteria and 16 obtained the highest scores for the analysis. The study II was carried out in two different phases using a mixed methodology. The first phase included a translation-back translation, a confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. It also included a reliability assessment done within a sample of 270 Spanish youths with an average age of 14.5 years old (SD = 1.27). In the second phase, a qualitative methodology was used to conduct interviews for cultural adaptation. In the study III, the resulting CYRM-32 scale was validated within a sample of 432 young people with an average age of 14.99 (SD = 2.23) presenting some risk factors. For this validation, a confirmatory factor analysis, an internal consistency, a test-retest reliability, as well as an analysis of convergent and discriminant validity were carried out. Results: In the systematic review, the 4 domains and 53.1% of the dimensions of the ecological model (17 out of 32) were identified in the selected studies. In addition, 27 different dimensions were found. The Ungar model (2004, 2008) represents well the relationship, individual, community and especially the cultural domain, but it needs to be completed with other individual dimensions that explain resilience as self-esteem, self-acceptance, physical and emotional well-being or intelligence among others. In the studies II and III, the results of the adaptation of the CYRM-28 scale and the validation of the Spanish adapted version CYRM-32, confirm adequate psychometric properties. From the original CYRM-28 scale, 4 items were eliminated, 5 were reformulated with very low saturations and 6 items were added in the cultural adaptation phase, giving rise to the 32 items scale. In the CYRM-32 scale, we found that the confirmatory analysis identified the 3 expected factors, with good reliability indexes (total Cronbach's alpha: .88, family interaction .79, interaction with others .72, and individual skills .78). The scale has convergent and discriminant validity in relation to the scales Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), Coping Strategy for Adolescents (ACS), Self concept form 5. Significant differences were found in the scores of the CYRM-32 scale for the ethnic variable (F (71.358) = 1.714, p < .001), there are no differences according to age and gender, an aspect that confirms the importance of culture in resilient processes. Conclusions: The CYRM-32 scale is a new alternative, with good psychometric properties, to measure resilience in Spanish children, adolescents and young adults at risk, as well as to measure the effects of educational programs promoting resilience.