Análisis de roles de trabajo en equipo: un enfoque centrado en comportamientos

Abstract

The general aim of the thesis is to contribute to a major comprehension of the behaviours within the roles that people realizes when they take part in work teams within organizations, and to determine what the investigators have related to the efficiency of the work team. The investigation centers on: I) Identifying a set of behaviours that are showed during the development of the work in a team. II) Differentiating the different behaviours of roles within a team. III) Describing and to re-defining these behaviours of roles, so that they can be observed by any person who should have to design or to lead work teams. In the first part a review of the literature and of the theoretical framework of the work in team is made, constructed in four chapters. In the first chapter a review is made of different theories of the organization, to contextualize the work of the group does, from critical perspective taking into account the factors that they favour or inhibit the participants working in a team. The second chapter centers on a review of the vast amount of literature that broaches the concept of work teams and the construction of such teams, trying to reflect on that can be understood by working in a team. In the third chapter, the role concept and different theories over team's roles has been analyzed. Finally, in the fourth chapter, a review is made over the management for competences, approaching the different models proposed by current investigations, to focalize our interest in the competence of work in teams. In the second part, the design and strategies of the research, based on a qualitative methodology, and of character observation of a test group of 584 persons who have participated in 22 sessions of teamwork, during the period 2000-2005. For the qualitative analysis of the visual corpus (not very common in the social sciences), the informatics tool CAQDAS, more correctly the Atlas-ti, has been used, so that an explanation of how the investigation proceeded has been given with as much detail as possible. The research puts forward a template for observations consisting of 51 observable behaviours, formed into nine roles which people develop in a group dynamic and that contribute to teamwork. A detailed description is given for each one of these behaviours. In addition there are some illustrative examples obtained from the research. These behaviours have been demonstrated repeatedly over throughout the analyzed period, separately from the people and the work sessions, so that they can easily be observed in organizational context, even by those who are not experts in psychology. There are, therefore, some beaviours that offer a lesser margin of interpretation. This observation template, provides an understanding for professionals that usually design and lead teams, which will allow them to work more effectively in order to make the most of the contributions from each team member. As for the management of competences, the research provides clearer and more qualitative evidence in relation to how competence develops within a team. Finally, the thesis poses future lines of research on: The suitability of each of these behaviours and the different stages that the teams goes trough; the ideal combination of roles in a team depending on the different modalities of groups (Circles of Quality, Tasks Force, Committees, etc.); its application within Balanced Scorecard (indicators of effect) to induce and to evaluate the realization of collective products on the part of the teams; a more quantitative research of these behaviours in several situations and tasks.

Date of Award	26 Sept 2006
Original language	Undefined/Unknown
Supervisor	Mª Carmen Martínez González (Director)