The present work carries out the historical, political and organizational analysis of jihadism as a global violent phenomenon and the reactions that it has caused, especially in the security area, to make proposals in the fight against jihadism from the intelligence field, as well as the political and legislative action, in order to contribute to the ideological defeat of the phenomenon._x000D_ We divided the work into three areas of study: first, the birth and development of Islam, focusing on the figure of the Prophet Muhammad and the religious development after his death. The first caliphs, the break between Sunnis and Shiites, the configuration of dynastic imperial caliphates and the parallel development of the different internal branches, traditions and legislation fields, in the context of the continuing imperialist expansion carried out by Caliphate dynasties, the last of which was the Ottoman, until its decline in the face of western growth. We close the chapter with the birth of political Islamism and pan Arabism._x000D_ In the second chapter we analyze the most influential works of the most reclaimed ideologists by jihadists themselves - recognized as such by prestigious specialists – and therefore carrying more weight in jihadist thinking. The analyzed authors correspond to different historical periods, but they have in common religious intolerance and the call for the use of violence, embodied in the jihad, either against those considered “bad rulers”, Muslims or against those who are perceived as a threat to real Islam. We study the works with major interest for our study from Ibn Taimiyya, Muhammad Ibn Abdul al-Wahabb, Sayid Abdul A’la Mawdudi, Sayyid Qutb and Abdulah Azzam, and their influence in the evolution of Islamic thinking, and the use of violence as something essential to protect the Muslim community._x000D_ The third part is dedicated to the transformation of the strictly political Islamism to violence, to the experiences of these violent organizations, and the final transformation of the jihadism, mainly represented by Al-Qaeda, and shared today by other organizations like DAESH, and minor organizations in different places around the world. We situate them in his historical moment, providing a context for the social and political realities in the countries where they are developing, as in the actions of the western countries and the context of the cold war, often mainly colonial, and later pillars of dictatorial regimes, or noticed as direct attackers (Soviet invasion of Afganistan, U.S invasion of Iraq). The western reactions in front of the first expressions of jihadism, with the 11-S attack as the biggest expression of these, are scientifically studied too. _x000D_ Our study leads us to set some conclusions about the totalitarian nature of the jihadist phenomenon, and the need to confront it with pluridisciplinar measures in the academic analysis, and its translation in the field of Counter-Terrorist Intelligence, as like as legislative and social nature in the field of the political action.
Anàlisi de la ideologia gihadista i mesures pluridisciplinars per a combatre-la
Montoto Manent, G. (Author). 1 Mar 2016
Student thesis: Doctoral thesis
Student thesis: Doctoral thesis