The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data

M. Y. Wang; T. De Boer; A. Pieres; T. S. Li; A. Drlica-Wagner; S. E. Koposov; A. K. Vivas; A. B. Pace; B. Santiago; A. R. Walker; D. L. Tucker; L. Strigari; J. L. Marshall; B. Yanny; D. L. Depoy; K. Bechtol; A. Roodman; T. M.C. Abbott; F. B. Abdalla; S. Allam; J. Annis; S. Avila; E. Bertin; D. Brooks; D. L. Burke; A. Carnero Rosell; M. Carrasco Kind; C. E. Cunha; C. B. D'Andrea; L. N. Da Costa; J. De Vicente; S. Desai; T. F. Eifler; J. Estrada; B. Flaugher; J. Frieman; J. García-Bellido; D. W. Gerdes; D. Gruen; R. A. Gruendl; G. Gutierrez; D. L. Hollowood; K. Honscheid; D. J. James; K. Kuehn; N. Kuropatkin; O. Lahav; M. A.G. Maia; R. Miquel; E. Sanchez; V. Scarpine; I. Sevilla-Noarbe; M. Smith; R. C. Smith; F. Sobreira; E. Suchyta; M. E.C. Swanson; G. Tarle

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab31a9

The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data

M. Y. Wang, T. De Boer, A. Pieres, T. S. Li, A. Drlica-Wagner, S. E. Koposov, A. K. Vivas, A. B. Pace, B. Santiago, A. R. Walker, D. L. Tucker, L. Strigari, J. L. Marshall, B. Yanny, D. L. Depoy, K. Bechtol, A. Roodman, T. M.C. Abbott, F. B. Abdalla, S. AllamJ. Annis, S. Avila, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, C. E. Cunha, C. B. D'Andrea, L. N. Da Costa, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, T. F. Eifler, J. Estrada, B. Flaugher, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, M. A.G. Maia, R. Miquel, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, R. C. Smith, F. Sobreira, E. Suchyta, M. E.C. Swanson, G. Tarle

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Abstract

© 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Using deep wide-field photometry 3 yr data (Y3) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), we present a panoramic study of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy. The data presented here - a small subset of the full survey - uniformly cover a region of 25 deg2 centered on the galaxy to a depth of g ∼ 23.5. We use these data to study the structural properties of Fornax, overall stellar population, and its member stars in different evolutionary phases. We also search for possible signs of tidal disturbance. Fornax is found to be significantly more spatially extended than what early studies suggested. No statistically significant distortions or signs of tidal disturbances were found down to a surface brightness limit of ∼32.1 mag arcsec-2. However, there are hints of shell-like features located ∼20′-40′ from the center of Fornax that may be stellar debris from past merger events. We also find that intermediate-age and young main-sequence populations show different orientation at the galaxy center and have many substructures. The deep DES Y3 data allow us to characterize the age of those young stellar substructures with great accuracy, both those previously known and those newly identified as possible overdensities in this work, on the basis of their color-magnitude diagram morphology. We find that the youngest overdensities are all found on the eastern side of Fornax, where the Fornax field population itself is slightly younger than in the west. In summary, the high-quality DES Y3 data reveal that Fornax has many rich structures and provide insights into its complex formation history.

Original language	English
Article number	118
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	881
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab31a9
Publication status	Published - 20 Aug 2019

Keywords

galaxies: dwarf
galaxies: individual (Fornax)
Local Group

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10.3847/1538-4357/ab31a9

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Wang, M. Y., De Boer, T., Pieres, A., Li, T. S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Koposov, S. E., Vivas, A. K., Pace, A. B., Santiago, B., Walker, A. R., Tucker, D. L., Strigari, L., Marshall, J. L., Yanny, B., Depoy, D. L., Bechtol, K., Roodman, A., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., ... Tarle, G. (2019). The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data. Astrophysical Journal, 881, [118]. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab31a9

Wang, M. Y. ; De Boer, T. ; Pieres, A. ; Li, T. S. ; Drlica-Wagner, A. ; Koposov, S. E. ; Vivas, A. K. ; Pace, A. B. ; Santiago, B. ; Walker, A. R. ; Tucker, D. L. ; Strigari, L. ; Marshall, J. L. ; Yanny, B. ; Depoy, D. L. ; Bechtol, K. ; Roodman, A. ; Abbott, T. M.C. ; Abdalla, F. B. ; Allam, S. ; Annis, J. ; Avila, S. ; Bertin, E. ; Brooks, D. ; Burke, D. L. ; Rosell, A. Carnero ; Carrasco Kind, M. ; Cunha, C. E. ; D'Andrea, C. B. ; Da Costa, L. N. ; De Vicente, J. ; Desai, S. ; Eifler, T. F. ; Estrada, J. ; Flaugher, B. ; Frieman, J. ; García-Bellido, J. ; Gerdes, D. W. ; Gruen, D. ; Gruendl, R. A. ; Gutierrez, G. ; Hollowood, D. L. ; Honscheid, K. ; James, D. J. ; Kuehn, K. ; Kuropatkin, N. ; Lahav, O. ; Maia, M. A.G. ; Miquel, R. ; Sanchez, E. ; Scarpine, V. ; Sevilla-Noarbe, I. ; Smith, M. ; Smith, R. C. ; Sobreira, F. ; Suchyta, E. ; Swanson, M. E.C. ; Tarle, G. / The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data. In: Astrophysical Journal. 2019 ; Vol. 881.

@article{8ab88dc6162e457e88c47db1b6b60193,

title = "The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data",

abstract = "{\textcopyright} 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Using deep wide-field photometry 3 yr data (Y3) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), we present a panoramic study of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy. The data presented here - a small subset of the full survey - uniformly cover a region of 25 deg2 centered on the galaxy to a depth of g ∼ 23.5. We use these data to study the structural properties of Fornax, overall stellar population, and its member stars in different evolutionary phases. We also search for possible signs of tidal disturbance. Fornax is found to be significantly more spatially extended than what early studies suggested. No statistically significant distortions or signs of tidal disturbances were found down to a surface brightness limit of ∼32.1 mag arcsec-2. However, there are hints of shell-like features located ∼20′-40′ from the center of Fornax that may be stellar debris from past merger events. We also find that intermediate-age and young main-sequence populations show different orientation at the galaxy center and have many substructures. The deep DES Y3 data allow us to characterize the age of those young stellar substructures with great accuracy, both those previously known and those newly identified as possible overdensities in this work, on the basis of their color-magnitude diagram morphology. We find that the youngest overdensities are all found on the eastern side of Fornax, where the Fornax field population itself is slightly younger than in the west. In summary, the high-quality DES Y3 data reveal that Fornax has many rich structures and provide insights into its complex formation history.",

keywords = "galaxies: dwarf, galaxies: individual (Fornax), Local Group",

author = "Wang, {M. Y.} and {De Boer}, T. and A. Pieres and Li, {T. S.} and A. Drlica-Wagner and Koposov, {S. E.} and Vivas, {A. K.} and Pace, {A. B.} and B. Santiago and Walker, {A. R.} and Tucker, {D. L.} and L. Strigari and Marshall, {J. L.} and B. Yanny and Depoy, {D. L.} and K. Bechtol and A. Roodman and Abbott, {T. M.C.} and Abdalla, {F. B.} and S. Allam and J. Annis and S. Avila and E. Bertin and D. Brooks and Burke, {D. L.} and Rosell, {A. Carnero} and {Carrasco Kind}, M. and Cunha, {C. E.} and D'Andrea, {C. B.} and {Da Costa}, {L. N.} and {De Vicente}, J. and S. Desai and Eifler, {T. F.} and J. Estrada and B. Flaugher and J. Frieman and J. Garc{\'i}a-Bellido and Gerdes, {D. W.} and D. Gruen and Gruendl, {R. A.} and G. Gutierrez and Hollowood, {D. L.} and K. Honscheid and James, {D. J.} and K. Kuehn and N. Kuropatkin and O. Lahav and Maia, {M. A.G.} and R. Miquel and E. Sanchez and V. Scarpine and I. Sevilla-Noarbe and M. Smith and Smith, {R. C.} and F. Sobreira and E. Suchyta and Swanson, {M. E.C.} and G. Tarle",

year = "2019",

month = aug,

day = "20",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ab31a9",

language = "English",

volume = "881",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

}

Wang, MY, De Boer, T, Pieres, A, Li, TS, Drlica-Wagner, A, Koposov, SE, Vivas, AK, Pace, AB, Santiago, B, Walker, AR, Tucker, DL, Strigari, L, Marshall, JL, Yanny, B, Depoy, DL, Bechtol, K, Roodman, A, Abbott, TMC, Abdalla, FB, Allam, S, Annis, J, Avila, S, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Rosell, AC, Carrasco Kind, M, Cunha, CE, D'Andrea, CB, Da Costa, LN, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Eifler, TF, Estrada, J, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gerdes, DW, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gutierrez, G, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Maia, MAG, Miquel, R, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Smith, RC, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC & Tarle, G 2019, 'The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 881, 118. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab31a9

The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data. / Wang, M. Y.; De Boer, T.; Pieres, A.; Li, T. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Koposov, S. E.; Vivas, A. K.; Pace, A. B.; Santiago, B.; Walker, A. R.; Tucker, D. L.; Strigari, L.; Marshall, J. L.; Yanny, B.; Depoy, D. L.; Bechtol, K.; Roodman, A.; Abbott, T. M.C.; Abdalla, F. B.; Allam, S.; Annis, J.; Avila, S.; Bertin, E.; Brooks, D.; Burke, D. L.; Rosell, A. Carnero; Carrasco Kind, M.; Cunha, C. E.; D'Andrea, C. B.; Da Costa, L. N.; De Vicente, J.; Desai, S.; Eifler, T. F.; Estrada, J.; Flaugher, B.; Frieman, J.; García-Bellido, J.; Gerdes, D. W.; Gruen, D.; Gruendl, R. A.; Gutierrez, G.; Hollowood, D. L.; Honscheid, K.; James, D. J.; Kuehn, K.; Kuropatkin, N.; Lahav, O.; Maia, M. A.G.; Miquel, R.; Sanchez, E.; Scarpine, V.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Smith, M.; Smith, R. C.; Sobreira, F.; Suchyta, E.; Swanson, M. E.C.; Tarle, G.

In: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 881, 118, 20.08.2019.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data

AU - Wang, M. Y.

AU - De Boer, T.

AU - Pieres, A.

AU - Li, T. S.

AU - Drlica-Wagner, A.

AU - Koposov, S. E.

AU - Vivas, A. K.

AU - Pace, A. B.

AU - Santiago, B.

AU - Walker, A. R.

AU - Tucker, D. L.

AU - Strigari, L.

AU - Marshall, J. L.

AU - Yanny, B.

AU - Depoy, D. L.

AU - Bechtol, K.

AU - Roodman, A.

AU - Abbott, T. M.C.

AU - Abdalla, F. B.

AU - Allam, S.

AU - Annis, J.

AU - Avila, S.

AU - Bertin, E.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Burke, D. L.

AU - Rosell, A. Carnero

AU - Carrasco Kind, M.

AU - Cunha, C. E.

AU - D'Andrea, C. B.

AU - Da Costa, L. N.

AU - De Vicente, J.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Eifler, T. F.

AU - Estrada, J.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - García-Bellido, J.

AU - Gerdes, D. W.

AU - Gruen, D.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - Gutierrez, G.

AU - Hollowood, D. L.

AU - Honscheid, K.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Kuehn, K.

AU - Kuropatkin, N.

AU - Lahav, O.

AU - Maia, M. A.G.

AU - Miquel, R.

AU - Sanchez, E.

AU - Scarpine, V.

AU - Sevilla-Noarbe, I.

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Smith, R. C.

AU - Sobreira, F.

AU - Suchyta, E.

AU - Swanson, M. E.C.

AU - Tarle, G.

PY - 2019/8/20

Y1 - 2019/8/20

N2 - © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Using deep wide-field photometry 3 yr data (Y3) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), we present a panoramic study of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy. The data presented here - a small subset of the full survey - uniformly cover a region of 25 deg2 centered on the galaxy to a depth of g ∼ 23.5. We use these data to study the structural properties of Fornax, overall stellar population, and its member stars in different evolutionary phases. We also search for possible signs of tidal disturbance. Fornax is found to be significantly more spatially extended than what early studies suggested. No statistically significant distortions or signs of tidal disturbances were found down to a surface brightness limit of ∼32.1 mag arcsec-2. However, there are hints of shell-like features located ∼20′-40′ from the center of Fornax that may be stellar debris from past merger events. We also find that intermediate-age and young main-sequence populations show different orientation at the galaxy center and have many substructures. The deep DES Y3 data allow us to characterize the age of those young stellar substructures with great accuracy, both those previously known and those newly identified as possible overdensities in this work, on the basis of their color-magnitude diagram morphology. We find that the youngest overdensities are all found on the eastern side of Fornax, where the Fornax field population itself is slightly younger than in the west. In summary, the high-quality DES Y3 data reveal that Fornax has many rich structures and provide insights into its complex formation history.

AB - © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Using deep wide-field photometry 3 yr data (Y3) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), we present a panoramic study of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy. The data presented here - a small subset of the full survey - uniformly cover a region of 25 deg2 centered on the galaxy to a depth of g ∼ 23.5. We use these data to study the structural properties of Fornax, overall stellar population, and its member stars in different evolutionary phases. We also search for possible signs of tidal disturbance. Fornax is found to be significantly more spatially extended than what early studies suggested. No statistically significant distortions or signs of tidal disturbances were found down to a surface brightness limit of ∼32.1 mag arcsec-2. However, there are hints of shell-like features located ∼20′-40′ from the center of Fornax that may be stellar debris from past merger events. We also find that intermediate-age and young main-sequence populations show different orientation at the galaxy center and have many substructures. The deep DES Y3 data allow us to characterize the age of those young stellar substructures with great accuracy, both those previously known and those newly identified as possible overdensities in this work, on the basis of their color-magnitude diagram morphology. We find that the youngest overdensities are all found on the eastern side of Fornax, where the Fornax field population itself is slightly younger than in the west. In summary, the high-quality DES Y3 data reveal that Fornax has many rich structures and provide insights into its complex formation history.

KW - galaxies: dwarf

KW - galaxies: individual (Fornax)

KW - Local Group

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ab31a9

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ab31a9

M3 - Article

VL - 881

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

SN - 0004-637X

M1 - 118

ER -

The Morphology and Structure of Stellar Populations in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy from Dark Energy Survey Data

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Keywords

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