The june 2008 flare of markarian 421 from optical to TeV energies

I. Donnarumma; V. Vittorini; S. Vercellone; E. Del Monte; M. Feroci; F. D'Ammando; L. Pacciani; A. W. Chen; M. Tavani; A. Bulgarelli; A. Giuliani; F. Longo; G. Pucella; A. Argan; G. Barbiellini; F. Boffelli; P. Caraveo; P. W. Cattaneo; V. Cocco; E. Costa; G. De Paris; G. Di Cocco; Y. Evangelista; M. Fiorini; T. Froysland; M. Frutti; F. Fuschino; M. Galli; F. Gianotti; C. Labanti; I. Lapshov; F. Lazzarotto; P. Lipari; M. Marisaldi; M. Mastropietro; S. Mereghetti; E. Morelli; A. Morselli; A. Pellizzoni; F. Perotti; P. Picozza; G. Porrovecchio; M. Prest; M. Rapisarda; A. Rappoldi; A. Rubini; P. Soffitta; M. Trifoglio; A. Trois; E. Vallazza; A. Zambra; D. Zanello; C. Pittori; P. Santolamazza; F. Verrecchia; P. Giommi; S. Colafrancesco; L. Salotti; M. Villata; C. M. Raiteri; W. P. Chen; N. V. Efimova; B. Jordan; T. S. Konstantinova; E. Koptelova; O. M. Kurtanidze; V. M. Larionov; J. A. Ros; A. C. Sadun; H. Anderhub; L. A. Antonelli; P. Antoranz; M. Backes; C. Baixeras; S. Balestra; J. A. Barrio; H. Bartko; D. Bastieri; J. Becerra Gonzlez; J. K. Becker; W. Bednarek; K. Berger; E. Bernardini; A. Biland; R. K. Bock; G. Bonnoli; P. Bordas; D. Borla Tridon; V. Bosch-Ramon; T. Bretz; I. Britvitch; M. Camara; E. Carmona; A. Chilingarian; S. Commichau; J. L. Contreras; J. Cortina; M. T. Costado; S. Covino; V. Curtef; Luis Font Guiteras

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/691/1/L13

The june 2008 flare of markarian 421 from optical to TeV energies

I. Donnarumma, V. Vittorini, S. Vercellone, E. Del Monte, M. Feroci, F. D'Ammando, L. Pacciani, A. W. Chen, M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, A. Giuliani, F. Longo, G. Pucella, A. Argan, G. Barbiellini, F. Boffelli, P. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, V. Cocco, E. CostaG. De Paris, G. Di Cocco, Y. Evangelista, M. Fiorini, T. Froysland, M. Frutti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, F. Gianotti, C. Labanti, I. Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, M. Marisaldi, M. Mastropietro, S. Mereghetti, E. Morelli, A. Morselli, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, P. Picozza, G. Porrovecchio, M. Prest, M. Rapisarda, A. Rappoldi, A. Rubini, P. Soffitta, M. Trifoglio, A. Trois, E. Vallazza, A. Zambra, D. Zanello, C. Pittori, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, P. Giommi, S. Colafrancesco, L. Salotti, M. Villata, C. M. Raiteri, W. P. Chen, N. V. Efimova, B. Jordan, T. S. Konstantinova, E. Koptelova, O. M. Kurtanidze, V. M. Larionov, J. A. Ros, A. C. Sadun, H. Anderhub, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, M. Backes, C. Baixeras, S. Balestra, J. A. Barrio, H. Bartko, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra Gonzlez, J. K. Becker, W. Bednarek, K. Berger, E. Bernardini, A. Biland, R. K. Bock, G. Bonnoli, P. Bordas, D. Borla Tridon, V. Bosch-Ramon, T. Bretz, I. Britvitch, M. Camara, E. Carmona, A. Chilingarian, S. Commichau, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, M. T. Costado, S. Covino, V. Curtef, Luis Font Guiteras

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103 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We present optical, X-ray, high-energy (30 GeV) and very high energy (100 GeV; VHE) observations of the high-frequency peaked blazar Mrk 421 taken between 2008 May 24 and June 23. A high-energy γ-ray signal was detected by AGILE with between June 9 and 15, with F(E>100 MeV) = 42+14-12 × 10-8 photons cm-2 s-1. This flaring state is brighter than the average flux observed by EGRET by a factor of 3, but still consistent with the highest EGRET flux. In hard X-rays (20-60 keV) SuperAGILE resolved a five-day flare (June 9-15) peaking at 55 mCrab. SuperAGILE, RXTE/ASM and Swift/BAT data show a correlated flaring structure between soft and hard X-rays. Hints of the same flaring behavior are also detected in the simultaneous optical data provided by the GASP-WEBT. A Swift/XRT observation near the flaring maximum revealed the highest 2-10 keV flux ever observed from this source, of 2.6 × 10-9 erg cm -2 s-1 (i.e. >100 mCrab). A peak synchrotron energy of 3 keV was derived, higher than typical values of 0.5-1 keV. VHE observations with MAGIC and VERITAS between June 6 and 8 showed the flux peaking in a bright state, well correlated with the X-rays. This extraordinary set of simultaneous data, covering a 12-decade spectral range, allowed for a deep analysis of the spectral energy distribution as well as of correlated light curves. The γ-ray flare can be interpreted within the framework of the synchrotron self-Compton model in terms of a rapid acceleration of leptons in the jet. © 2009. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	691
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/691/1/L13
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2009

Keywords

BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421)
Galaxies: jets
Gamma rays: observations
Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
X-rays: galaxies

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10.1088/0004-637X/691/1/L13

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Donnarumma, I., Vittorini, V., Vercellone, S., Del Monte, E., Feroci, M., D'Ammando, F., Pacciani, L., Chen, A. W., Tavani, M., Bulgarelli, A., Giuliani, A., Longo, F., Pucella, G., Argan, A., Barbiellini, G., Boffelli, F., Caraveo, P., Cattaneo, P. W., Cocco, V., ... Font Guiteras, L. (2009). The june 2008 flare of markarian 421 from optical to TeV energies. Astrophysical Journal, 691(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/691/1/L13

@article{2294a2f31260415692324401dfa806d3,

title = "The june 2008 flare of markarian 421 from optical to TeV energies",

abstract = "We present optical, X-ray, high-energy (30 GeV) and very high energy (100 GeV; VHE) observations of the high-frequency peaked blazar Mrk 421 taken between 2008 May 24 and June 23. A high-energy γ-ray signal was detected by AGILE with between June 9 and 15, with F(E>100 MeV) = 42+14-12 × 10-8 photons cm-2 s-1. This flaring state is brighter than the average flux observed by EGRET by a factor of 3, but still consistent with the highest EGRET flux. In hard X-rays (20-60 keV) SuperAGILE resolved a five-day flare (June 9-15) peaking at 55 mCrab. SuperAGILE, RXTE/ASM and Swift/BAT data show a correlated flaring structure between soft and hard X-rays. Hints of the same flaring behavior are also detected in the simultaneous optical data provided by the GASP-WEBT. A Swift/XRT observation near the flaring maximum revealed the highest 2-10 keV flux ever observed from this source, of 2.6 × 10-9 erg cm -2 s-1 (i.e. >100 mCrab). A peak synchrotron energy of 3 keV was derived, higher than typical values of 0.5-1 keV. VHE observations with MAGIC and VERITAS between June 6 and 8 showed the flux peaking in a bright state, well correlated with the X-rays. This extraordinary set of simultaneous data, covering a 12-decade spectral range, allowed for a deep analysis of the spectral energy distribution as well as of correlated light curves. The γ-ray flare can be interpreted within the framework of the synchrotron self-Compton model in terms of a rapid acceleration of leptons in the jet. {\textcopyright} 2009. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.",

keywords = "BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421), Galaxies: jets, Gamma rays: observations, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, X-rays: galaxies",

author = "I. Donnarumma and V. Vittorini and S. Vercellone and {Del Monte}, E. and M. Feroci and F. D'Ammando and L. Pacciani and Chen, {A. W.} and M. Tavani and A. Bulgarelli and A. Giuliani and F. Longo and G. Pucella and A. Argan and G. Barbiellini and F. Boffelli and P. Caraveo and Cattaneo, {P. W.} and V. Cocco and E. Costa and {De Paris}, G. and {Di Cocco}, G. and Y. Evangelista and M. Fiorini and T. Froysland and M. Frutti and F. Fuschino and M. Galli and F. Gianotti and C. Labanti and I. Lapshov and F. Lazzarotto and P. Lipari and M. Marisaldi and M. Mastropietro and S. Mereghetti and E. Morelli and A. Morselli and A. Pellizzoni and F. Perotti and P. Picozza and G. Porrovecchio and M. Prest and M. Rapisarda and A. Rappoldi and A. Rubini and P. Soffitta and M. Trifoglio and A. Trois and E. Vallazza and A. Zambra and D. Zanello and C. Pittori and P. Santolamazza and F. Verrecchia and P. Giommi and S. Colafrancesco and L. Salotti and M. Villata and Raiteri, {C. M.} and Chen, {W. P.} and Efimova, {N. V.} and B. Jordan and Konstantinova, {T. S.} and E. Koptelova and Kurtanidze, {O. M.} and Larionov, {V. M.} and Ros, {J. A.} and Sadun, {A. C.} and H. Anderhub and Antonelli, {L. A.} and P. Antoranz and M. Backes and C. Baixeras and S. Balestra and Barrio, {J. A.} and H. Bartko and D. Bastieri and Gonzlez, {J. Becerra} and Becker, {J. K.} and W. Bednarek and K. Berger and E. Bernardini and A. Biland and Bock, {R. K.} and G. Bonnoli and P. Bordas and Tridon, {D. Borla} and V. Bosch-Ramon and T. Bretz and I. Britvitch and M. Camara and E. Carmona and A. Chilingarian and S. Commichau and Contreras, {J. L.} and J. Cortina and Costado, {M. T.} and S. Covino and V. Curtef and {Font Guiteras}, Luis",

year = "2009",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/0004-637X/691/1/L13",

language = "English",

volume = "691",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

number = "1",

}

Donnarumma, I, Vittorini, V, Vercellone, S, Del Monte, E, Feroci, M, D'Ammando, F, Pacciani, L, Chen, AW, Tavani, M, Bulgarelli, A, Giuliani, A, Longo, F, Pucella, G, Argan, A, Barbiellini, G, Boffelli, F, Caraveo, P, Cattaneo, PW, Cocco, V, Costa, E, De Paris, G, Di Cocco, G, Evangelista, Y, Fiorini, M, Froysland, T, Frutti, M, Fuschino, F, Galli, M, Gianotti, F, Labanti, C, Lapshov, I, Lazzarotto, F, Lipari, P, Marisaldi, M, Mastropietro, M, Mereghetti, S, Morelli, E, Morselli, A, Pellizzoni, A, Perotti, F, Picozza, P, Porrovecchio, G, Prest, M, Rapisarda, M, Rappoldi, A, Rubini, A, Soffitta, P, Trifoglio, M, Trois, A, Vallazza, E, Zambra, A, Zanello, D, Pittori, C, Santolamazza, P, Verrecchia, F, Giommi, P, Colafrancesco, S, Salotti, L, Villata, M, Raiteri, CM, Chen, WP, Efimova, NV, Jordan, B, Konstantinova, TS, Koptelova, E, Kurtanidze, OM, Larionov, VM, Ros, JA, Sadun, AC, Anderhub, H, Antonelli, LA, Antoranz, P, Backes, M, Baixeras, C, Balestra, S, Barrio, JA, Bartko, H, Bastieri, D, Gonzlez, JB, Becker, JK, Bednarek, W, Berger, K, Bernardini, E, Biland, A, Bock, RK, Bonnoli, G, Bordas, P, Tridon, DB, Bosch-Ramon, V, Bretz, T, Britvitch, I, Camara, M, Carmona, E, Chilingarian, A, Commichau, S, Contreras, JL, Cortina, J, Costado, MT, Covino, S, Curtef, V & Font Guiteras, L 2009, 'The june 2008 flare of markarian 421 from optical to TeV energies', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 691, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/691/1/L13

TY - JOUR

T1 - The june 2008 flare of markarian 421 from optical to TeV energies

AU - Donnarumma, I.

AU - Vittorini, V.

AU - Vercellone, S.

AU - Del Monte, E.

AU - Feroci, M.

AU - D'Ammando, F.

AU - Pacciani, L.

AU - Chen, A. W.

AU - Tavani, M.

AU - Bulgarelli, A.

AU - Giuliani, A.

AU - Longo, F.

AU - Pucella, G.

AU - Argan, A.

AU - Barbiellini, G.

AU - Boffelli, F.

AU - Caraveo, P.

AU - Cattaneo, P. W.

AU - Cocco, V.

AU - Costa, E.

AU - De Paris, G.

AU - Di Cocco, G.

AU - Evangelista, Y.

AU - Fiorini, M.

AU - Froysland, T.

AU - Frutti, M.

AU - Fuschino, F.

AU - Galli, M.

AU - Gianotti, F.

AU - Labanti, C.

AU - Lapshov, I.

AU - Lazzarotto, F.

AU - Lipari, P.

AU - Marisaldi, M.

AU - Mastropietro, M.

AU - Mereghetti, S.

AU - Morelli, E.

AU - Morselli, A.

AU - Pellizzoni, A.

AU - Perotti, F.

AU - Picozza, P.

AU - Porrovecchio, G.

AU - Prest, M.

AU - Rapisarda, M.

AU - Rappoldi, A.

AU - Rubini, A.

AU - Soffitta, P.

AU - Trifoglio, M.

AU - Trois, A.

AU - Vallazza, E.

AU - Zambra, A.

AU - Zanello, D.

AU - Pittori, C.

AU - Santolamazza, P.

AU - Verrecchia, F.

AU - Giommi, P.

AU - Colafrancesco, S.

AU - Salotti, L.

AU - Villata, M.

AU - Raiteri, C. M.

AU - Chen, W. P.

AU - Efimova, N. V.

AU - Jordan, B.

AU - Konstantinova, T. S.

AU - Koptelova, E.

AU - Kurtanidze, O. M.

AU - Larionov, V. M.

AU - Ros, J. A.

AU - Sadun, A. C.

AU - Anderhub, H.

AU - Antonelli, L. A.

AU - Antoranz, P.

AU - Backes, M.

AU - Baixeras, C.

AU - Balestra, S.

AU - Barrio, J. A.

AU - Bartko, H.

AU - Bastieri, D.

AU - Gonzlez, J. Becerra

AU - Becker, J. K.

AU - Bednarek, W.

AU - Berger, K.

AU - Bernardini, E.

AU - Biland, A.

AU - Bock, R. K.

AU - Bonnoli, G.

AU - Bordas, P.

AU - Tridon, D. Borla

AU - Bosch-Ramon, V.

AU - Bretz, T.

AU - Britvitch, I.

AU - Camara, M.

AU - Carmona, E.

AU - Chilingarian, A.

AU - Commichau, S.

AU - Contreras, J. L.

AU - Cortina, J.

AU - Costado, M. T.

AU - Covino, S.

AU - Curtef, V.

AU - Font Guiteras, Luis

PY - 2009/1/1

Y1 - 2009/1/1

N2 - We present optical, X-ray, high-energy (30 GeV) and very high energy (100 GeV; VHE) observations of the high-frequency peaked blazar Mrk 421 taken between 2008 May 24 and June 23. A high-energy γ-ray signal was detected by AGILE with between June 9 and 15, with F(E>100 MeV) = 42+14-12 × 10-8 photons cm-2 s-1. This flaring state is brighter than the average flux observed by EGRET by a factor of 3, but still consistent with the highest EGRET flux. In hard X-rays (20-60 keV) SuperAGILE resolved a five-day flare (June 9-15) peaking at 55 mCrab. SuperAGILE, RXTE/ASM and Swift/BAT data show a correlated flaring structure between soft and hard X-rays. Hints of the same flaring behavior are also detected in the simultaneous optical data provided by the GASP-WEBT. A Swift/XRT observation near the flaring maximum revealed the highest 2-10 keV flux ever observed from this source, of 2.6 × 10-9 erg cm -2 s-1 (i.e. >100 mCrab). A peak synchrotron energy of 3 keV was derived, higher than typical values of 0.5-1 keV. VHE observations with MAGIC and VERITAS between June 6 and 8 showed the flux peaking in a bright state, well correlated with the X-rays. This extraordinary set of simultaneous data, covering a 12-decade spectral range, allowed for a deep analysis of the spectral energy distribution as well as of correlated light curves. The γ-ray flare can be interpreted within the framework of the synchrotron self-Compton model in terms of a rapid acceleration of leptons in the jet. © 2009. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

AB - We present optical, X-ray, high-energy (30 GeV) and very high energy (100 GeV; VHE) observations of the high-frequency peaked blazar Mrk 421 taken between 2008 May 24 and June 23. A high-energy γ-ray signal was detected by AGILE with between June 9 and 15, with F(E>100 MeV) = 42+14-12 × 10-8 photons cm-2 s-1. This flaring state is brighter than the average flux observed by EGRET by a factor of 3, but still consistent with the highest EGRET flux. In hard X-rays (20-60 keV) SuperAGILE resolved a five-day flare (June 9-15) peaking at 55 mCrab. SuperAGILE, RXTE/ASM and Swift/BAT data show a correlated flaring structure between soft and hard X-rays. Hints of the same flaring behavior are also detected in the simultaneous optical data provided by the GASP-WEBT. A Swift/XRT observation near the flaring maximum revealed the highest 2-10 keV flux ever observed from this source, of 2.6 × 10-9 erg cm -2 s-1 (i.e. >100 mCrab). A peak synchrotron energy of 3 keV was derived, higher than typical values of 0.5-1 keV. VHE observations with MAGIC and VERITAS between June 6 and 8 showed the flux peaking in a bright state, well correlated with the X-rays. This extraordinary set of simultaneous data, covering a 12-decade spectral range, allowed for a deep analysis of the spectral energy distribution as well as of correlated light curves. The γ-ray flare can be interpreted within the framework of the synchrotron self-Compton model in terms of a rapid acceleration of leptons in the jet. © 2009. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421)

KW - Galaxies: jets

KW - Gamma rays: observations

KW - Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

KW - X-rays: galaxies

U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/691/1/L13

DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/691/1/L13

M3 - Article

VL - 691

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

SN - 0004-637X

IS - 1

ER -

The june 2008 flare of markarian 421 from optical to TeV energies

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Keywords

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