TY - JOUR
T1 - Stochastic Assessment of the Economic Impact of Streptococcus suis-Associated Disease in German, Dutch and Spanish Swine Farms
AU - Neila-Ibáñez, Carlos
AU - Casal, Jordi
AU - Hennig-Pauka, Isabel
AU - Stockhofe-Zurwieden, Norbert
AU - Gottschalk, Marcelo
AU - Migura-García, Lourdes
AU - Pailler-García, Lola
AU - Napp, Sebastián
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to the thirty-three field veterinarians from Germany, the Netherlands and Spain who provided all the data needed for this study. Funding. This work was supported by the European Commission through Grant Number 727966 (Program for Innovative Global Prevention of Streptococcus suis, PIGSs) from program Horizon 2020. CN-I was funded by the project. The work was also supported by the CERCA program from the Generalitat de Catalunya.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the European Commission through Grant Number 727966 (Program for Innovative Global Prevention of Streptococcus suis, PIGSs) from program Horizon 2020. CN-I was funded by the project. The work was also supported by the CERCA program from the Generalitat de Catalunya.
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2021 Neila-Ibáñez, Casal, Hennig-Pauka, Stockhofe-Zurwieden, Gottschalk, Migura-García, Pailler-García and Napp.
PY - 2021/8/19
Y1 - 2021/8/19
N2 - The economic assessment of animal diseases is essential for decision-making, including the allocation of resources for disease control. However, that assessment is usually hampered by the lack of reliable data on disease incidence, or treatment and control measures, and that is particularly true for swine production diseases, such as infections caused by Streptococcus suis. Therefore, we deployed a questionnaire survey of clinical swine veterinarians to obtain the input data needed for a stochastic model to calculate the costs caused by S. suis, which was implemented in three of the main swine producing countries in Europe: Germany, the Netherlands and Spain. S. suis-associated disease is endemic in those countries in all production phases, though nursery was the phase most severely impacted. In affected nursery units, between 3.3 and 4.0% of pigs had S. suis-associated disease and the mortalities ranged from 0.5 to 0.9%. In Germany, the average cost of S. suis per pig (summed across all production phases) was 1.30 euros (90% CI: 0.53–2.28), in the Netherlands 0.96 euros (90% CI: 0.27–1.54), and in Spain 0.60 euros (90% CI: 0.29–0.96). In Germany, that cost was essentially influenced by the expenditure in early metaphylaxis in nursery and in autogenous vaccines in sows and nursery pigs; in the Netherlands, by expenditure on autogenous vaccines in sows and nursery pigs; and in Spain, by the expenditures in early metaphylaxis and to a lesser extent by the mortality in nursery pigs. Therefore, the differences in costs between countries can be explained to a great extent by the measures to control S. suis implemented in each country. In Spain and in Germany, use of antimicrobials, predominantly beta-lactams, is still crucial for the control of the disease.
AB - The economic assessment of animal diseases is essential for decision-making, including the allocation of resources for disease control. However, that assessment is usually hampered by the lack of reliable data on disease incidence, or treatment and control measures, and that is particularly true for swine production diseases, such as infections caused by Streptococcus suis. Therefore, we deployed a questionnaire survey of clinical swine veterinarians to obtain the input data needed for a stochastic model to calculate the costs caused by S. suis, which was implemented in three of the main swine producing countries in Europe: Germany, the Netherlands and Spain. S. suis-associated disease is endemic in those countries in all production phases, though nursery was the phase most severely impacted. In affected nursery units, between 3.3 and 4.0% of pigs had S. suis-associated disease and the mortalities ranged from 0.5 to 0.9%. In Germany, the average cost of S. suis per pig (summed across all production phases) was 1.30 euros (90% CI: 0.53–2.28), in the Netherlands 0.96 euros (90% CI: 0.27–1.54), and in Spain 0.60 euros (90% CI: 0.29–0.96). In Germany, that cost was essentially influenced by the expenditure in early metaphylaxis in nursery and in autogenous vaccines in sows and nursery pigs; in the Netherlands, by expenditure on autogenous vaccines in sows and nursery pigs; and in Spain, by the expenditures in early metaphylaxis and to a lesser extent by the mortality in nursery pigs. Therefore, the differences in costs between countries can be explained to a great extent by the measures to control S. suis implemented in each country. In Spain and in Germany, use of antimicrobials, predominantly beta-lactams, is still crucial for the control of the disease.
KW - Streptococcus suis
KW - antimicrobials
KW - cost of disease
KW - economic assessment
KW - incidence
KW - questionnaires
KW - stochastic model
KW - swine production disease
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85114304106&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.676002
DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.676002
M3 - Article
C2 - 34490389
AN - SCOPUS:85114304106
SN - 2297-1769
VL - 8
JO - Frontiers in veterinary science
JF - Frontiers in veterinary science
M1 - 676002
ER -