Spain: Political Developments and Data in 2022. Implementing the Next Generation EU Plan in the Shadow of Political Turmoil

During 2021, Spain faced problems arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, including highrisk public health situations in some regions. A vaccination campaign was carried out for the entire Spanish population, constrained by the arrival of doses and their distribution among regions. Several precepts of the legislation framing the COVID-19 state of alarm were declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court. The Cabinet underwent successive reshuffles prompted by the regional electoral processes held in Catalonia and Madrid, and by the balance of power between the two parties that formed the coalition government. In 2021, the labour market began to improve thanks to the arrival of European funds aimed at implementing programmes to mitigate the economic and social damage of the pandemic.