TY - JOUR
T1 - Robust frequency domain audio watermarking
T2 - A tuning analysis
AU - Megías, David
AU - Herrera-Joancomartí, Jordi
AU - Minguillón, Julià
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2005
Y1 - 2005
N2 - In this paper, a tuning analysis of a robust audio watermarking scheme is performed. The watermarking system analysed here uses a lossy compression (MPEG 1 Layer 3) method to identify the frequencies at which the marking bits will be embedded. Several tuning parameters affect the mark embedding and the mark reconstruction processes. In previous papers, these parameters have been tuned without any systematic methodology and, thus, the capacity, imperceptibility and robustness results of the watermarking scheme could be enhanced. As a final result of the tuning analysis, some tuning guidelines are suggested for the different parameters. In addition, the conclusions of this study can be extended to other spread spectrum watermarking schemes for audio. In particular, the robustness of this watermarking scheme can be enhanced whilst improving imperceptibility and reducing capacity, which is a somewhat counterintuitive result.
AB - In this paper, a tuning analysis of a robust audio watermarking scheme is performed. The watermarking system analysed here uses a lossy compression (MPEG 1 Layer 3) method to identify the frequencies at which the marking bits will be embedded. Several tuning parameters affect the mark embedding and the mark reconstruction processes. In previous papers, these parameters have been tuned without any systematic methodology and, thus, the capacity, imperceptibility and robustness results of the watermarking scheme could be enhanced. As a final result of the tuning analysis, some tuning guidelines are suggested for the different parameters. In addition, the conclusions of this study can be extended to other spread spectrum watermarking schemes for audio. In particular, the robustness of this watermarking scheme can be enhanced whilst improving imperceptibility and reducing capacity, which is a somewhat counterintuitive result.
KW - Audio watermarking
KW - Copyright protection
KW - Frequency domain methods
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=23944445578&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-540-31805-7_21
DO - 10.1007/978-3-540-31805-7_21
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:23944445578
VL - 3304
SP - 244
EP - 258
JO - Lecture Notes in Computer Science
JF - Lecture Notes in Computer Science
SN - 0302-9743
ER -