Risk factors for bronchiolitis, recurrent wheezing, and related hospitalization in preterm infants during the first year of life

Eduardo G. Pérez-Yarza, Antonio Moreno-Galdó, Octavio Ramilo, Teresa Rubí, Amparo Escribano, Antonio Torres, Olaia Sardón, Concepción Oliva, Guadalupe Pérez, Isidoro Cortell, Sandra Rovira-Amigo, Maria D. Pastor-Vivero, Javier Pérez-Frías, Valle Velasco, Javier Torres-Borrego, Joan Figuerola, Maria Isabel Barrio, Gloria García-Hernández, Asunción Mejías, A. AldasoroP. Corcuera, J. Korta, J. Bosch, G. Morera, M. Mumany, J. Batlles-Garrido, Y. González-Giménez, T. Romero, J. Morata, M. Navarro-Merino, M. Sanchez-Solis, P. Mondejar Lopez, Francisca Gómez-Acebo

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26 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Background: Airway diseases are highly prevalent in infants and cause significant morbidity. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for respiratory morbidity in a Spanish cohort of moderate-to-late preterm (MLP) infants prospectively followed during their first year of life. Methods: SAREPREM is a multicenter, prospective, longitudinal study. Preterm infants born at 32-35 weeks of gestation with no comorbidities were enrolled within 2 weeks of life and followed at 2-4 weeks, 6, and 12 months of age. Multivariate mixed-models were performed to identify independent risk factors associated with (i) development of bronchiolitis, (ii) recurrent wheezing, or (iii) related hospital admissions. Results: Overall, 977 preterm infants were included, and 766 (78.4%) completed follow-up. Of those, 365 (47.7%) developed bronchiolitis during the first year, 144 (18.8%) recurrent wheezing, and 48 (6.3%) were hospitalized. While low birthweight, day care attendance (DCA) and school-age siblings were significantly and independently associated with both the development of bronchiolitis and recurrent wheezing, lower maternal age increased the risk for bronchiolitis and respiratory-related hospitalizations. Lastly, mechanical ventilation was associated with a higher risk of bronchiolitis and history of asthma in any parent increased the likelihood of developing recurrent wheezing. Conclusions: In this study, several non-modifiable parameters (family history of asthma, low birthweight, need for mechanical ventilation) and modifiable parameters (young maternal age, DCA, or exposure to school-age siblings) were identified as significant risk factors for the development of bronchiolitis and recurrent wheezing during the first year of life in MLP infants.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)797-804
JournalPediatric Allergy and Immunology
Volume26
Issue number8
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Dec 2015

Keywords

  • Bronchiolitis
  • Bronchitis
  • Premature birth
  • Risk factors
  • Wheezing

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