Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease

Javier Villacieros-Álvarez; Carmen Espejo; Georgina Arrambide; Alessandro Dinoto; Patricia Mulero; Laura Rubio-Flores; Pablo Nieto; Carmen Alcalá; Jose Eustasio Meca-Lallana; Jorge Millan-Pascual; Pedro Martínez-García; Raphael Bernard-Valnet; Inés González-Suárez; Aída Orviz; Raquel Téllez; Laura Navarro Canto; Sílvia Presas Rodríguez; Sergio Martínez Yélamos; Juan Pablo Cuello; Ana Alonso; Raquel Piñar Morales; Gary Álvarez Bravo; Lakhdar Benyahya; Sophie Trouillet-Assant; Virginie Dyon-Tafan; Caroline Froment Tilikete; Aurélie Ruet; Bertrand Bourre; Romain Deschamps; Caroline Papeix; Elisabeth Maillart; Philippe Kerschen; Xavier Ayrignac; Bertrand Audoin; Xavier Montalban; Mar Tintoré; Sara Mariotto; Álvaro Cobo-Calvo; Romain Marignier

doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362

Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease

Javier Villacieros-Álvarez, Carmen Espejo, Georgina Arrambide, Alessandro Dinoto, Patricia Mulero, Laura Rubio-Flores, Pablo Nieto, Carmen Alcalá, Jose Eustasio Meca-Lallana, Jorge Millan-Pascual, Pedro Martínez-García, Raphael Bernard-Valnet, Inés González-Suárez, Aída Orviz, Raquel Téllez, Laura Navarro Canto, Sílvia Presas Rodríguez, Sergio Martínez Yélamos, Juan Pablo Cuello, Ana AlonsoRaquel Piñar Morales, Gary Álvarez Bravo, Lakhdar Benyahya, Sophie Trouillet-Assant, Virginie Dyon-Tafan, Caroline Froment Tilikete, Aurélie Ruet, Bertrand Bourre, Romain Deschamps, Caroline Papeix, Elisabeth Maillart, Philippe Kerschen, Xavier Ayrignac, Bertrand Audoin, Xavier Montalban, Mar Tintoré, Sara Mariotto, Álvaro Cobo-Calvo, Romain Marignier

Department of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the serum cytokine profile in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) at onset and during follow-up and assess their utility for predicting relapses and disability.

METHODS: This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients aged 16 years and older meeting MOGAD 2023 criteria, with serum samples collected at baseline (≤3 months from disease onset) and follow-up (≥6 months from the baseline), and age-matched and time to sampling-matched patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Eleven cytokines were assessed using the ELLA system. Data comparisons and statistical analyses between cytokine levels and clinical outcomes were performed.

RESULTS: Eighty-eight patients with MOGAD and 32 patients with MS were included. Patients with MOGAD showed higher IL6 ( p = 0.036), IL8 ( p = 0.012), and IL18 ( p = 0.026) baseline levels compared with those with MS, in non-optic neuritis (ON) presentations. BAFF values increased over time, especially in patients with MOGAD treated with anti-CD20 ( p = 0.002). Baseline BAFF, CXCL10, IL10, and IL8 levels correlated with disease severity at MOGAD onset (all p < 0.05). Finally, higher baseline BAFF levels predicted lower risk of relapses (hazard ratio 0.41 [0.19; 0.89], p = 0.024).

DISCUSSION: This study suggests a proinflammatory Th17-dominant profile in non-ON MOGAD patients, with a novel finding of a potential protective role of BAFF on relapses. These results shed new light on the pathogenesis of MOGAD, potentially guiding therapeutic decisions.

Original language	English
Article number	e200362
Number of pages	7
Journal	Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation
Volume	12
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362
Publication status	Published - 3 Jan 2025

Keywords

Adolescent
Adult
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Young Adult
Autoantibodies/blood
Cytokines/blood
Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS/blood
Follow-Up Studies
Multiple Sclerosis/blood
Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies

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Villacieros-Álvarez, J., Espejo, C., Arrambide, G., Dinoto, A., Mulero, P., Rubio-Flores, L., Nieto, P., Alcalá, C., Meca-Lallana, J. E., Millan-Pascual, J., Martínez-García, P., Bernard-Valnet, R., González-Suárez, I., Orviz, A., Téllez, R., Navarro Canto, L., Presas Rodríguez, S., Martínez Yélamos, S., Cuello, J. P., ... Marignier, R. (2025). Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease. Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 12(2), Article e200362. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362

@article{30da30a02fb44b3cb26f0c72e009d192,

title = "Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease",

abstract = "OBJECTIVES: To characterize the serum cytokine profile in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) at onset and during follow-up and assess their utility for predicting relapses and disability.METHODS: This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients aged 16 years and older meeting MOGAD 2023 criteria, with serum samples collected at baseline (≤3 months from disease onset) and follow-up (≥6 months from the baseline), and age-matched and time to sampling-matched patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Eleven cytokines were assessed using the ELLA system. Data comparisons and statistical analyses between cytokine levels and clinical outcomes were performed.RESULTS: Eighty-eight patients with MOGAD and 32 patients with MS were included. Patients with MOGAD showed higher IL6 ( p = 0.036), IL8 ( p = 0.012), and IL18 ( p = 0.026) baseline levels compared with those with MS, in non-optic neuritis (ON) presentations. BAFF values increased over time, especially in patients with MOGAD treated with anti-CD20 ( p = 0.002). Baseline BAFF, CXCL10, IL10, and IL8 levels correlated with disease severity at MOGAD onset (all p < 0.05). Finally, higher baseline BAFF levels predicted lower risk of relapses (hazard ratio 0.41 [0.19; 0.89], p = 0.024). DISCUSSION: This study suggests a proinflammatory Th17-dominant profile in non-ON MOGAD patients, with a novel finding of a potential protective role of BAFF on relapses. These results shed new light on the pathogenesis of MOGAD, potentially guiding therapeutic decisions.",

keywords = "Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Autoantibodies/blood, Cytokines/blood, Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS/blood, Follow-Up Studies, Multiple Sclerosis/blood, Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies",

author = "Javier Villacieros-{\'A}lvarez and Carmen Espejo and Georgina Arrambide and Alessandro Dinoto and Patricia Mulero and Laura Rubio-Flores and Pablo Nieto and Carmen Alcal{\'a} and Meca-Lallana, {Jose Eustasio} and Jorge Millan-Pascual and Pedro Mart{\'i}nez-Garc{\'i}a and Raphael Bernard-Valnet and In{\'e}s Gonz{\'a}lez-Su{\'a}rez and A{\'i}da Orviz and Raquel T{\'e}llez and {Navarro Canto}, Laura and {Presas Rodr{\'i}guez}, S{\'i}lvia and {Mart{\'i}nez Y{\'e}lamos}, Sergio and Cuello, {Juan Pablo} and Ana Alonso and {Pi{\~n}ar Morales}, Raquel and {{\'A}lvarez Bravo}, Gary and Lakhdar Benyahya and Sophie Trouillet-Assant and Virginie Dyon-Tafan and {Froment Tilikete}, Caroline and Aur{\'e}lie Ruet and Bertrand Bourre and Romain Deschamps and Caroline Papeix and Elisabeth Maillart and Philippe Kerschen and Xavier Ayrignac and Bertrand Audoin and Xavier Montalban and Mar Tintor{\'e} and Sara Mariotto and {\'A}lvaro Cobo-Calvo and Romain Marignier",

year = "2025",

month = jan,

day = "3",

doi = "10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

journal = "Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation",

issn = "2332-7812",

publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",

number = "2",

}

Villacieros-Álvarez, J, Espejo, C, Arrambide, G, Dinoto, A, Mulero, P, Rubio-Flores, L, Nieto, P, Alcalá, C, Meca-Lallana, JE, Millan-Pascual, J, Martínez-García, P, Bernard-Valnet, R, González-Suárez, I, Orviz, A, Téllez, R, Navarro Canto, L, Presas Rodríguez, S, Martínez Yélamos, S, Cuello, JP, Alonso, A, Piñar Morales, R, Álvarez Bravo, G, Benyahya, L, Trouillet-Assant, S, Dyon-Tafan, V, Froment Tilikete, C, Ruet, A, Bourre, B, Deschamps, R, Papeix, C, Maillart, E, Kerschen, P, Ayrignac, X, Audoin, B, Montalban, X, Tintoré, M, Mariotto, S, Cobo-Calvo, Á & Marignier, R 2025, 'Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease', Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, vol. 12, no. 2, e200362. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362

Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease. / Villacieros-Álvarez, Javier; Espejo, Carmen; Arrambide, Georgina et al.
In: Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, Vol. 12, No. 2, e200362, 03.01.2025.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease

AU - Villacieros-Álvarez, Javier

AU - Espejo, Carmen

AU - Arrambide, Georgina

AU - Dinoto, Alessandro

AU - Mulero, Patricia

AU - Rubio-Flores, Laura

AU - Nieto, Pablo

AU - Alcalá, Carmen

AU - Meca-Lallana, Jose Eustasio

AU - Millan-Pascual, Jorge

AU - Martínez-García, Pedro

AU - Bernard-Valnet, Raphael

AU - González-Suárez, Inés

AU - Orviz, Aída

AU - Téllez, Raquel

AU - Navarro Canto, Laura

AU - Presas Rodríguez, Sílvia

AU - Martínez Yélamos, Sergio

AU - Cuello, Juan Pablo

AU - Alonso, Ana

AU - Piñar Morales, Raquel

AU - Álvarez Bravo, Gary

AU - Benyahya, Lakhdar

AU - Trouillet-Assant, Sophie

AU - Dyon-Tafan, Virginie

AU - Froment Tilikete, Caroline

AU - Ruet, Aurélie

AU - Bourre, Bertrand

AU - Deschamps, Romain

AU - Papeix, Caroline

AU - Maillart, Elisabeth

AU - Kerschen, Philippe

AU - Ayrignac, Xavier

AU - Audoin, Bertrand

AU - Montalban, Xavier

AU - Tintoré, Mar

AU - Mariotto, Sara

AU - Cobo-Calvo, Álvaro

AU - Marignier, Romain

PY - 2025/1/3

Y1 - 2025/1/3

N2 - OBJECTIVES: To characterize the serum cytokine profile in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) at onset and during follow-up and assess their utility for predicting relapses and disability.METHODS: This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients aged 16 years and older meeting MOGAD 2023 criteria, with serum samples collected at baseline (≤3 months from disease onset) and follow-up (≥6 months from the baseline), and age-matched and time to sampling-matched patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Eleven cytokines were assessed using the ELLA system. Data comparisons and statistical analyses between cytokine levels and clinical outcomes were performed.RESULTS: Eighty-eight patients with MOGAD and 32 patients with MS were included. Patients with MOGAD showed higher IL6 ( p = 0.036), IL8 ( p = 0.012), and IL18 ( p = 0.026) baseline levels compared with those with MS, in non-optic neuritis (ON) presentations. BAFF values increased over time, especially in patients with MOGAD treated with anti-CD20 ( p = 0.002). Baseline BAFF, CXCL10, IL10, and IL8 levels correlated with disease severity at MOGAD onset (all p < 0.05). Finally, higher baseline BAFF levels predicted lower risk of relapses (hazard ratio 0.41 [0.19; 0.89], p = 0.024). DISCUSSION: This study suggests a proinflammatory Th17-dominant profile in non-ON MOGAD patients, with a novel finding of a potential protective role of BAFF on relapses. These results shed new light on the pathogenesis of MOGAD, potentially guiding therapeutic decisions.

AB - OBJECTIVES: To characterize the serum cytokine profile in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) at onset and during follow-up and assess their utility for predicting relapses and disability.METHODS: This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients aged 16 years and older meeting MOGAD 2023 criteria, with serum samples collected at baseline (≤3 months from disease onset) and follow-up (≥6 months from the baseline), and age-matched and time to sampling-matched patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Eleven cytokines were assessed using the ELLA system. Data comparisons and statistical analyses between cytokine levels and clinical outcomes were performed.RESULTS: Eighty-eight patients with MOGAD and 32 patients with MS were included. Patients with MOGAD showed higher IL6 ( p = 0.036), IL8 ( p = 0.012), and IL18 ( p = 0.026) baseline levels compared with those with MS, in non-optic neuritis (ON) presentations. BAFF values increased over time, especially in patients with MOGAD treated with anti-CD20 ( p = 0.002). Baseline BAFF, CXCL10, IL10, and IL8 levels correlated with disease severity at MOGAD onset (all p < 0.05). Finally, higher baseline BAFF levels predicted lower risk of relapses (hazard ratio 0.41 [0.19; 0.89], p = 0.024). DISCUSSION: This study suggests a proinflammatory Th17-dominant profile in non-ON MOGAD patients, with a novel finding of a potential protective role of BAFF on relapses. These results shed new light on the pathogenesis of MOGAD, potentially guiding therapeutic decisions.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Adult

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Young Adult

KW - Autoantibodies/blood

KW - Cytokines/blood

KW - Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS/blood

KW - Follow-Up Studies

KW - Multiple Sclerosis/blood

KW - Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology

KW - Prognosis

KW - Retrospective Studies

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85214589816&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/d9abb396-16ef-395a-8e7a-f527d2b83e0f/

U2 - 10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362

DO - 10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362

M3 - Article

C2 - 39752619

SN - 2332-7812

VL - 12

JO - Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation

JF - Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation

IS - 2

M1 - e200362

ER -

Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease

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Keywords

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