TY - JOUR
T1 - One-year monitoring of nitrogen forms after the application of various types of biochar on different soils
AU - Martí, Esther
AU - Sierra, Jordi
AU - Domene, Xavier
AU - Mumbrú, Màrius
AU - Cruañas, Robert
AU - Garau, María Antonia
N1 - Funding Information:
The work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [FERTICHAR project, ref. AGL 2015-70393-R].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2021/11/15
Y1 - 2021/11/15
N2 - Biochar is a carbon rich product obtained from pyrolysis of biomass. The use of biochar as soil amendment has been boosted in the last years due to its possible influence on fertility, including its potential ability to lower mineral nitrogen losses, but specially for its potential to reduce greenhouse gases and to increase carbon sequestration in soil. However, the studies on the effects of biochar on nitrogen forms in soil are heterogeneous and contradictory. The present work aims to clarify this point by applying 6 different biochars (with different origin and production process) on 6 different soils (of different properties). The amendment corresponded to an agronomic addition rate of 30 Mg ha−1, together with the addition of urea at a 100 kg N per ha rate. Then those mixtures were incubated for one year at a 60% of the WHC. The samples were analyzed for nitrogen forms (Kjeldahl-N, ammonium-N, nitrate-N, nitrite-N, and microbial-N) at different incubation times (1 week, 1 month, 4 months and 1 year after the addition). The results showed that the effects of different biochars on the soil nitrogen forms were variegated, mainly attributable to soil properties, and to a lesser extent to the particular biochar used. Overall, the Kjeldahl-N (KN) decreased after the incubation time, and only the mixtures with N-rich biochars achieved slightly higher KN compared to controls. Also, biochars tended to induce a decrease in NH4+-N, and, especially, in NO3–-N. The biochars causing highest shifts on N inorganic forms were those produced from agronomic sources (olive and corn wastes) and the one from pine wood materials subjected to high pyrolysis temperature conditions.
AB - Biochar is a carbon rich product obtained from pyrolysis of biomass. The use of biochar as soil amendment has been boosted in the last years due to its possible influence on fertility, including its potential ability to lower mineral nitrogen losses, but specially for its potential to reduce greenhouse gases and to increase carbon sequestration in soil. However, the studies on the effects of biochar on nitrogen forms in soil are heterogeneous and contradictory. The present work aims to clarify this point by applying 6 different biochars (with different origin and production process) on 6 different soils (of different properties). The amendment corresponded to an agronomic addition rate of 30 Mg ha−1, together with the addition of urea at a 100 kg N per ha rate. Then those mixtures were incubated for one year at a 60% of the WHC. The samples were analyzed for nitrogen forms (Kjeldahl-N, ammonium-N, nitrate-N, nitrite-N, and microbial-N) at different incubation times (1 week, 1 month, 4 months and 1 year after the addition). The results showed that the effects of different biochars on the soil nitrogen forms were variegated, mainly attributable to soil properties, and to a lesser extent to the particular biochar used. Overall, the Kjeldahl-N (KN) decreased after the incubation time, and only the mixtures with N-rich biochars achieved slightly higher KN compared to controls. Also, biochars tended to induce a decrease in NH4+-N, and, especially, in NO3–-N. The biochars causing highest shifts on N inorganic forms were those produced from agronomic sources (olive and corn wastes) and the one from pine wood materials subjected to high pyrolysis temperature conditions.
KW - Biochar
KW - Inorganic nitrogen
KW - Kjeldahl nitrogen
KW - Nitrogen dynamics
KW - Soil
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107420908&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115178
DO - 10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115178
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107420908
VL - 402
JO - Geoderma
JF - Geoderma
SN - 0016-7061
M1 - 115178
ER -