On-chip impedance measurements to monitor biofilm formation in the drinking water distribution network

Physics

• Impedance 100%
• Transducer 66%
• Electrodes 66%
• Interface Property 66%
• Bacteria 33%
• Micro-Organism 33%
• Drinking Water 33%
• Solid Surfaces 33%
• Networks 33%
• Water 33%
• Differences 33%
• Growth 33%
• Metal 33%

Chemistry

• Biofilm Formation 100%
• Aqueous Solution 66%
• Biocide 66%
• Surface 66%
• Peroxide 33%
• Working Electrode 33%
• Metal 33%
• Base 33%
• Water Type 33%
• Alcohol 33%
• Acid 33%

Chemical Engineering

• Microchip 66%
• Water Distribution 66%
• Potable Water 33%
• Peroxide 33%
• Water 33%
• Alcohol 33%
• Acid 33%