TY - JOUR
T1 - Modes of functional biodiversity control on tree productivity across the European continent
AU - Ratcliffe, Sophia
AU - Liebergesell, Mario
AU - Ruiz-Benito, Paloma
AU - Madrigal González, Jaime
AU - Muñoz Castañeda, Jose M.
AU - Kändler, Gerald
AU - Lehtonen, Aleksi
AU - Dahlgren, Jonas
AU - Kattge, Jens
AU - Peñuelas, Josep
AU - Zavala, Miguel A.
AU - Wirth, Christian
PY - 2016/3/1
Y1 - 2016/3/1
N2 - © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Aim: The relative contribution of community functional diversity and composition to ecosystem functioning is a critical question in ecology in order to enable better predictions of how ecosystems may respond to a changing climate. However, there is little consensus about which modes of functional biodiversity are most important for tree growth at large spatial scales. Here we assessed the relative importance of climate, functional diversity and functional identity (i.e. the community mean values of four key functional traits) for tree growth across the European continent, spanning the northern boreal to the southern Mediterranean forests. Location: Finland, Germany, Sweden, Spain and Wallonia (Belgium). Methods: Using data from five European national forest inventories we applied a hierarchical linear model to estimate the sensitivity of tree growth to changes in climate, functional diversity and functional identity along a latitudinal gradient. Results: Functional diversity was weakly related to tree growth in the temperate and boreal regions and more strongly in the Mediterranean region. In the temperate region, where climate was the most important predictor, functional diversity and identity had a similar importance for tree growth. Functional identity was strongest at the latitudinal extremes of the continent, largely driven by strong changes in the importance of maximum height along the latitudinal gradient. Main conclusions: Functional diversity is an important driver of tree growth in the Mediterranean region, providing evidence that niche complementarity may be more important for tree growth in water-limited forests. The strong influence of functional identity at the latitudinal extremes indicates the importance of a particular trait composition for tree growth in harsh climates. Furthermore, we speculate that this functional identity signal may reflect a trait-based differentiation of successional stages rather than abiotic filtering due to water or energy limitation.
AB - © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Aim: The relative contribution of community functional diversity and composition to ecosystem functioning is a critical question in ecology in order to enable better predictions of how ecosystems may respond to a changing climate. However, there is little consensus about which modes of functional biodiversity are most important for tree growth at large spatial scales. Here we assessed the relative importance of climate, functional diversity and functional identity (i.e. the community mean values of four key functional traits) for tree growth across the European continent, spanning the northern boreal to the southern Mediterranean forests. Location: Finland, Germany, Sweden, Spain and Wallonia (Belgium). Methods: Using data from five European national forest inventories we applied a hierarchical linear model to estimate the sensitivity of tree growth to changes in climate, functional diversity and functional identity along a latitudinal gradient. Results: Functional diversity was weakly related to tree growth in the temperate and boreal regions and more strongly in the Mediterranean region. In the temperate region, where climate was the most important predictor, functional diversity and identity had a similar importance for tree growth. Functional identity was strongest at the latitudinal extremes of the continent, largely driven by strong changes in the importance of maximum height along the latitudinal gradient. Main conclusions: Functional diversity is an important driver of tree growth in the Mediterranean region, providing evidence that niche complementarity may be more important for tree growth in water-limited forests. The strong influence of functional identity at the latitudinal extremes indicates the importance of a particular trait composition for tree growth in harsh climates. Furthermore, we speculate that this functional identity signal may reflect a trait-based differentiation of successional stages rather than abiotic filtering due to water or energy limitation.
KW - Climatic gradient
KW - Environmental filtering
KW - Forest succession
KW - FunDivEUROPE
KW - Landscape scale
KW - Plant functional traits
KW - Tree productivity
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12406
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12406
M3 - Article
VL - 25
SP - 251
EP - 262
IS - 3
ER -