MAGIC TeV gamma-ray observations of Markarian 421 during multiwavelength campaigns in 2006

J. Aleksić; H. Anderhub; L. A. Antonelli; P. Antoranz; M. Backes; C. Baixeras; S. Balestra; J. A. Barrio; D. Bastieri; J. Becerra González; J. K. Becker; W. Bednarek; A. Berdyugin; K. Berger; E. Bernardini; A. Biland; R. K. Bock; G. Bonnoli; P. Bordas; D. Borla Tridon; V. Bosch-Ramon; D. Bose; I. Braun; T. Bretz; D. Britzger; M. Camara; E. Carmona; A. Carosi; P. Colin; S. Commichau; J. L. Contreras; J. Cortina; M. T. Costado; S. Covino; F. Dazzi; A. De Angelis; E. De Cea Del Pozo; R. De Los Reyes; B. De Lotto; M. De Maria; F. De Sabata; C. Delgado Mendez; M. Doert; A. Domínguez; D. Dominis Prester; D. Dorner; M. Doro; D. Elsaesser; M. Errando; D. Ferenc; M. V. Fonseca; L. Font; R. J. García López; M. Garczarczyk; M. Gaug; N. Godinovic; D. Hadasch; A. Herrero; D. Hildebrand; D. Höhne-Mönch; J. Hose; D. Hrupec; C. C. Hsu; T. Jogler; S. Klepser; T. Krähenbühl; D. Kranich; A. La Barbera; A. Laille; E. Leonardo; E. Lindfors; S. Lombardi; F. Longo; M. López; E. Lorenz; P. Majumdar; G. Maneva; N. Mankuzhiyil; K. Mannheim; L. Maraschi; M. Mariotti; M. Martínez; D. Mazin; M. Meucci; J. M. Miranda; R. Mirzoyan; H. Miyamoto; J. Moldón; M. Moles; A. Moralejo; D. Nieto; K. Nilsson; J. Ninkovic; R. Orito; I. Oya; R. Paoletti; J. M. Paredes; S. Partini; M. Pasanen; D. Pascoli

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913945

MAGIC TeV gamma-ray observations of Markarian 421 during multiwavelength campaigns in 2006

J. Aleksić, H. Anderhub, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, M. Backes, C. Baixeras, S. Balestra, J. A. Barrio, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra González, J. K. Becker, W. Bednarek, A. Berdyugin, K. Berger, E. Bernardini, A. Biland, R. K. Bock, G. Bonnoli, P. Bordas, D. Borla TridonV. Bosch-Ramon, D. Bose, I. Braun, T. Bretz, D. Britzger, M. Camara, E. Carmona, A. Carosi, P. Colin, S. Commichau, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, M. T. Costado, S. Covino, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, E. De Cea Del Pozo, R. De Los Reyes, B. De Lotto, M. De Maria, F. De Sabata, C. Delgado Mendez, M. Doert, A. Domínguez, D. Dominis Prester, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsaesser, M. Errando, D. Ferenc, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, M. Gaug, N. Godinovic, D. Hadasch, A. Herrero, D. Hildebrand, D. Höhne-Mönch, J. Hose, D. Hrupec, C. C. Hsu, T. Jogler, S. Klepser, T. Krähenbühl, D. Kranich, A. La Barbera, A. Laille, E. Leonardo, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, M. López, E. Lorenz, P. Majumdar, G. Maneva, N. Mankuzhiyil, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, D. Mazin, M. Meucci, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, H. Miyamoto, J. Moldón, M. Moles, A. Moralejo, D. Nieto, K. Nilsson, J. Ninkovic, R. Orito, I. Oya, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, S. Partini, M. Pasanen, D. Pascoli

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Abstract

Context. Wide-range spectral coverage of blazar-type active galactic nuclei is of paramount importance for understanding the particle acceleration mechanisms assumed to take place in their jets. The Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov (MAGIC) telescope participated in three multiwavelength (MWL) campaigns, observing the blazar Markarian (Mkn) 421 during the nights of April 28 and 29, 2006, and June 14, 2006. Aims. We analyzed the corresponding MAGIC very-high energy observations during 9 nights from April 22 to 30, 2006 and on June 14, 2006. We inferred light curves with sub-day resolution and night-by-night energy spectra. Methods. MAGIC detects γ-rays by observing extended air showers in the atmosphere. The obtained air-shower images were analyzed using the standard MAGIC analysis chain. Results. A strong γ-ray signal was detected from Mkn 421 on all observation nights. The flux (E > 250 GeV) varied on night-by-night basis between (0.92±0.11) × 10 -10 cm-2 s-1 (0.57 Crab units) and (3.21±0.15) × 10-10 cm-2 s-1 (2.0 Crab units) in April 2006. There is a clear indication for intra-night variability with a doubling time of 36±$10-{\rm stat}$ min on the night of April 29, 2006, establishing once more rapid flux variability for this object. For all individual nights γ-ray spectra could be inferred, with power-law indices ranging from 1.66 to 2.47. We did not find statistically significant correlations between the spectral index and the flux state for individual nights. During the June 2006 campaign, a flux substantially lower than the one measured by the Whipple 10-m telescope four days later was found. Using a log-parabolic power law fit we deduced for some data sets the location of the spectral peak in the very-high energy regime. Our results confirm the indications of rising peak energy with increasing flux, as expected in leptonic acceleration models. © 2010 ESO.

Original language	English
Article number	A32
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	519
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200913945
Publication status	Published - 8 Sept 2010

Keywords

BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mkn 421
Gamma rays: galaxies
Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

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10.1051/0004-6361/200913945

Cite this

Aleksić, J., Anderhub, H., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Backes, M., Baixeras, C., Balestra, S., Barrio, J. A., Bastieri, D., Becerra González, J., Becker, J. K., Bednarek, W., Berdyugin, A., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Bock, R. K., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., ... Pascoli, D. (2010). MAGIC TeV gamma-ray observations of Markarian 421 during multiwavelength campaigns in 2006. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 519(2), [A32]. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200913945

@article{52c89948d5a54807a924646b13c546d3,

title = "MAGIC TeV gamma-ray observations of Markarian 421 during multiwavelength campaigns in 2006",

abstract = "Context. Wide-range spectral coverage of blazar-type active galactic nuclei is of paramount importance for understanding the particle acceleration mechanisms assumed to take place in their jets. The Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov (MAGIC) telescope participated in three multiwavelength (MWL) campaigns, observing the blazar Markarian (Mkn) 421 during the nights of April 28 and 29, 2006, and June 14, 2006. Aims. We analyzed the corresponding MAGIC very-high energy observations during 9 nights from April 22 to 30, 2006 and on June 14, 2006. We inferred light curves with sub-day resolution and night-by-night energy spectra. Methods. MAGIC detects γ-rays by observing extended air showers in the atmosphere. The obtained air-shower images were analyzed using the standard MAGIC analysis chain. Results. A strong γ-ray signal was detected from Mkn 421 on all observation nights. The flux (E > 250 GeV) varied on night-by-night basis between (0.92±0.11) × 10 -10 cm-2 s-1 (0.57 Crab units) and (3.21±0.15) × 10-10 cm-2 s-1 (2.0 Crab units) in April 2006. There is a clear indication for intra-night variability with a doubling time of 36±$10-{\rm stat}$ min on the night of April 29, 2006, establishing once more rapid flux variability for this object. For all individual nights γ-ray spectra could be inferred, with power-law indices ranging from 1.66 to 2.47. We did not find statistically significant correlations between the spectral index and the flux state for individual nights. During the June 2006 campaign, a flux substantially lower than the one measured by the Whipple 10-m telescope four days later was found. Using a log-parabolic power law fit we deduced for some data sets the location of the spectral peak in the very-high energy regime. Our results confirm the indications of rising peak energy with increasing flux, as expected in leptonic acceleration models. {\textcopyright} 2010 ESO.",

keywords = "BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mkn 421, Gamma rays: galaxies, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal",

author = "J. Aleksi{\'c} and H. Anderhub and Antonelli, {L. A.} and P. Antoranz and M. Backes and C. Baixeras and S. Balestra and Barrio, {J. A.} and D. Bastieri and {Becerra Gonz{\'a}lez}, J. and Becker, {J. K.} and W. Bednarek and A. Berdyugin and K. Berger and E. Bernardini and A. Biland and Bock, {R. K.} and G. Bonnoli and P. Bordas and {Borla Tridon}, D. and V. Bosch-Ramon and D. Bose and I. Braun and T. Bretz and D. Britzger and M. Camara and E. Carmona and A. Carosi and P. Colin and S. Commichau and Contreras, {J. L.} and J. Cortina and Costado, {M. T.} and S. Covino and F. Dazzi and {De Angelis}, A. and {De Cea Del Pozo}, E. and {De Los Reyes}, R. and {De Lotto}, B. and {De Maria}, M. and {De Sabata}, F. and {Delgado Mendez}, C. and M. Doert and A. Dom{\'i}nguez and {Dominis Prester}, D. and D. Dorner and M. Doro and D. Elsaesser and M. Errando and D. Ferenc and Fonseca, {M. V.} and L. Font and {Garc{\'i}a L{\'o}pez}, {R. J.} and M. Garczarczyk and M. Gaug and N. Godinovic and D. Hadasch and A. Herrero and D. Hildebrand and D. H{\"o}hne-M{\"o}nch and J. Hose and D. Hrupec and Hsu, {C. C.} and T. Jogler and S. Klepser and T. Kr{\"a}henb{\"u}hl and D. Kranich and {La Barbera}, A. and A. Laille and E. Leonardo and E. Lindfors and S. Lombardi and F. Longo and M. L{\'o}pez and E. Lorenz and P. Majumdar and G. Maneva and N. Mankuzhiyil and K. Mannheim and L. Maraschi and M. Mariotti and M. Mart{\'i}nez and D. Mazin and M. Meucci and Miranda, {J. M.} and R. Mirzoyan and H. Miyamoto and J. Mold{\'o}n and M. Moles and A. Moralejo and D. Nieto and K. Nilsson and J. Ninkovic and R. Orito and I. Oya and R. Paoletti and Paredes, {J. M.} and S. Partini and M. Pasanen and D. Pascoli",

year = "2010",

month = sep,

day = "8",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/200913945",

language = "English",

volume = "519",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

number = "2",

}

Aleksić, J, Anderhub, H, Antonelli, LA, Antoranz, P, Backes, M, Baixeras, C, Balestra, S, Barrio, JA, Bastieri, D, Becerra González, J, Becker, JK, Bednarek, W, Berdyugin, A, Berger, K, Bernardini, E, Biland, A, Bock, RK, Bonnoli, G, Bordas, P, Borla Tridon, D, Bosch-Ramon, V, Bose, D, Braun, I, Bretz, T, Britzger, D, Camara, M, Carmona, E, Carosi, A, Colin, P, Commichau, S, Contreras, JL, Cortina, J, Costado, MT, Covino, S, Dazzi, F, De Angelis, A, De Cea Del Pozo, E, De Los Reyes, R, De Lotto, B, De Maria, M, De Sabata, F, Delgado Mendez, C, Doert, M, Domínguez, A, Dominis Prester, D, Dorner, D, Doro, M, Elsaesser, D, Errando, M, Ferenc, D, Fonseca, MV, Font, L, García López, RJ, Garczarczyk, M, Gaug, M, Godinovic, N, Hadasch, D, Herrero, A, Hildebrand, D, Höhne-Mönch, D, Hose, J, Hrupec, D, Hsu, CC, Jogler, T, Klepser, S, Krähenbühl, T, Kranich, D, La Barbera, A, Laille, A, Leonardo, E, Lindfors, E, Lombardi, S, Longo, F, López, M, Lorenz, E, Majumdar, P, Maneva, G, Mankuzhiyil, N, Mannheim, K, Maraschi, L, Mariotti, M, Martínez, M, Mazin, D, Meucci, M, Miranda, JM, Mirzoyan, R, Miyamoto, H, Moldón, J, Moles, M, Moralejo, A, Nieto, D, Nilsson, K, Ninkovic, J, Orito, R, Oya, I, Paoletti, R, Paredes, JM, Partini, S, Pasanen, M & Pascoli, D 2010, 'MAGIC TeV gamma-ray observations of Markarian 421 during multiwavelength campaigns in 2006', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 519, no. 2, A32. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200913945

TY - JOUR

T1 - MAGIC TeV gamma-ray observations of Markarian 421 during multiwavelength campaigns in 2006

AU - Aleksić, J.

AU - Anderhub, H.

AU - Antonelli, L. A.

AU - Antoranz, P.

AU - Backes, M.

AU - Baixeras, C.

AU - Balestra, S.

AU - Barrio, J. A.

AU - Bastieri, D.

AU - Becerra González, J.

AU - Becker, J. K.

AU - Bednarek, W.

AU - Berdyugin, A.

AU - Berger, K.

AU - Bernardini, E.

AU - Biland, A.

AU - Bock, R. K.

AU - Bonnoli, G.

AU - Bordas, P.

AU - Borla Tridon, D.

AU - Bosch-Ramon, V.

AU - Bose, D.

AU - Braun, I.

AU - Bretz, T.

AU - Britzger, D.

AU - Camara, M.

AU - Carmona, E.

AU - Carosi, A.

AU - Colin, P.

AU - Commichau, S.

AU - Contreras, J. L.

AU - Cortina, J.

AU - Costado, M. T.

AU - Covino, S.

AU - Dazzi, F.

AU - De Angelis, A.

AU - De Cea Del Pozo, E.

AU - De Los Reyes, R.

AU - De Lotto, B.

AU - De Maria, M.

AU - De Sabata, F.

AU - Delgado Mendez, C.

AU - Doert, M.

AU - Domínguez, A.

AU - Dominis Prester, D.

AU - Dorner, D.

AU - Doro, M.

AU - Elsaesser, D.

AU - Errando, M.

AU - Ferenc, D.

AU - Fonseca, M. V.

AU - Font, L.

AU - García López, R. J.

AU - Garczarczyk, M.

AU - Gaug, M.

AU - Godinovic, N.

AU - Hadasch, D.

AU - Herrero, A.

AU - Hildebrand, D.

AU - Höhne-Mönch, D.

AU - Hose, J.

AU - Hrupec, D.

AU - Hsu, C. C.

AU - Jogler, T.

AU - Klepser, S.

AU - Krähenbühl, T.

AU - Kranich, D.

AU - La Barbera, A.

AU - Laille, A.

AU - Leonardo, E.

AU - Lindfors, E.

AU - Lombardi, S.

AU - Longo, F.

AU - López, M.

AU - Lorenz, E.

AU - Majumdar, P.

AU - Maneva, G.

AU - Mankuzhiyil, N.

AU - Mannheim, K.

AU - Maraschi, L.

AU - Mariotti, M.

AU - Martínez, M.

AU - Mazin, D.

AU - Meucci, M.

AU - Miranda, J. M.

AU - Mirzoyan, R.

AU - Miyamoto, H.

AU - Moldón, J.

AU - Moles, M.

AU - Moralejo, A.

AU - Nieto, D.

AU - Nilsson, K.

AU - Ninkovic, J.

AU - Orito, R.

AU - Oya, I.

AU - Paoletti, R.

AU - Paredes, J. M.

AU - Partini, S.

AU - Pasanen, M.

AU - Pascoli, D.

PY - 2010/9/8

Y1 - 2010/9/8

N2 - Context. Wide-range spectral coverage of blazar-type active galactic nuclei is of paramount importance for understanding the particle acceleration mechanisms assumed to take place in their jets. The Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov (MAGIC) telescope participated in three multiwavelength (MWL) campaigns, observing the blazar Markarian (Mkn) 421 during the nights of April 28 and 29, 2006, and June 14, 2006. Aims. We analyzed the corresponding MAGIC very-high energy observations during 9 nights from April 22 to 30, 2006 and on June 14, 2006. We inferred light curves with sub-day resolution and night-by-night energy spectra. Methods. MAGIC detects γ-rays by observing extended air showers in the atmosphere. The obtained air-shower images were analyzed using the standard MAGIC analysis chain. Results. A strong γ-ray signal was detected from Mkn 421 on all observation nights. The flux (E > 250 GeV) varied on night-by-night basis between (0.92±0.11) × 10 -10 cm-2 s-1 (0.57 Crab units) and (3.21±0.15) × 10-10 cm-2 s-1 (2.0 Crab units) in April 2006. There is a clear indication for intra-night variability with a doubling time of 36±$10-{\rm stat}$ min on the night of April 29, 2006, establishing once more rapid flux variability for this object. For all individual nights γ-ray spectra could be inferred, with power-law indices ranging from 1.66 to 2.47. We did not find statistically significant correlations between the spectral index and the flux state for individual nights. During the June 2006 campaign, a flux substantially lower than the one measured by the Whipple 10-m telescope four days later was found. Using a log-parabolic power law fit we deduced for some data sets the location of the spectral peak in the very-high energy regime. Our results confirm the indications of rising peak energy with increasing flux, as expected in leptonic acceleration models. © 2010 ESO.

AB - Context. Wide-range spectral coverage of blazar-type active galactic nuclei is of paramount importance for understanding the particle acceleration mechanisms assumed to take place in their jets. The Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov (MAGIC) telescope participated in three multiwavelength (MWL) campaigns, observing the blazar Markarian (Mkn) 421 during the nights of April 28 and 29, 2006, and June 14, 2006. Aims. We analyzed the corresponding MAGIC very-high energy observations during 9 nights from April 22 to 30, 2006 and on June 14, 2006. We inferred light curves with sub-day resolution and night-by-night energy spectra. Methods. MAGIC detects γ-rays by observing extended air showers in the atmosphere. The obtained air-shower images were analyzed using the standard MAGIC analysis chain. Results. A strong γ-ray signal was detected from Mkn 421 on all observation nights. The flux (E > 250 GeV) varied on night-by-night basis between (0.92±0.11) × 10 -10 cm-2 s-1 (0.57 Crab units) and (3.21±0.15) × 10-10 cm-2 s-1 (2.0 Crab units) in April 2006. There is a clear indication for intra-night variability with a doubling time of 36±$10-{\rm stat}$ min on the night of April 29, 2006, establishing once more rapid flux variability for this object. For all individual nights γ-ray spectra could be inferred, with power-law indices ranging from 1.66 to 2.47. We did not find statistically significant correlations between the spectral index and the flux state for individual nights. During the June 2006 campaign, a flux substantially lower than the one measured by the Whipple 10-m telescope four days later was found. Using a log-parabolic power law fit we deduced for some data sets the location of the spectral peak in the very-high energy regime. Our results confirm the indications of rising peak energy with increasing flux, as expected in leptonic acceleration models. © 2010 ESO.

KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mkn 421

KW - Gamma rays: galaxies

KW - Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/200913945

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/200913945

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 519

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

IS - 2

M1 - A32

ER -

MAGIC TeV gamma-ray observations of Markarian 421 during multiwavelength campaigns in 2006

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Keywords

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