Leishmaniasis prevention: What should be known before recommending a topical product against sand fly bites in dogs?

© 2018 SCIVAC (Societa Culturale Italiana Veterinari per Animali da Compagnia). All rights reserved. In this paper, topical ectoparasiticides currently available in Italy useful for protection of dogs against sand-fly bites and prevention of Leishmania transmission have been covered. The present paper provides veterinary practitioners operating in the field of prevention of canine leishmaniasis with scientific information and guidance relative to: i) active ingredients and modes of action of these ectoparasiticides, ii) criteria for the efficacy evaluation, iii) available products, iv) their application, and v) potential toxicity and adverse effects.