La brecha salarial y las desigualdades de género en el mercado de trabajo : una revisión de aproximaciones teóricas y aportaciones empíricas

Approaches to the analysis of the gender pay gap have often focused on factors pertaining to the internal logical of the labour market and have aimed to identify observable differences in the positions of men and women in employment, which would account for the distance in their remunerations. These differences, instead of being analysed as given, they should be seen as embedded in a socioeconomic structure and organization that segregates both genders in different positions, spaces and social times, and which, in particular, places women in a subordinate position in the labour market sphere; either because they are employed in feminized and undervalued sectors, or because the larger availability of men for employment exists at the expense of a greater female presence in reproductive tasks. It is based on this general framework of analysis that a review of the main theoretical and empirical contributions to the study of the gender wage gap is carried out, addressing three main factors: inequalities in paid working time, the undervaluation of women's work, and barriers to female promotion along with gender biases in corporate pay practices.