Abstract
This chapter describes variants of DNA sensors (genosensors) that employ electrochemical impedance signal for detecting a target DNA. In this way, the clinical diagnosticrelated sought gene or gene variant, can be very simply detected, with an electrically addressable device, and potentially, without the use of any label. Existing variants for measuring and the different formats for the assay are presented. To improve the performance of these devices, current nanobiotechnology utilizes nanocomponents, either at the transducer level or integrated in the procedure itself, to improve the detection or to amplify the signal. Carbon nanotubes and nanowires, graphene or gold nanoparticles can be used to produce or to modify transducers, fostering their electrical characteristics, or helping in the immobilization of the recognition element. Metal nanoparticles or even quantum dots may be used to improve signal to noise ratio. The chapter ends by summarizing existing applications related to clinical diagnostic, and discussing the latest trends. © 2012 Scrivener Publishing LLC.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Biomedical Materials and Diagnostic Devices |
| Place of Publication | Winston-Salem (US) |
| Publisher | Scrivener Publishing |
| Pages | 279-301 |
| Number of pages | 22 |
| Edition | 1 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781118030141 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 16 Oct 2012 |
Keywords
- Carbon nanotube
- DNA biosensor
- Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
- Genosensor
- Gold nanoparticles
- Quantum dots