Imaging diagnosis of portal hypertension

Portal hypertension is a clinical entity defined by a hydrostatic pressure greater than 5 mm Hg in the portal territory, being clinically significant when it is greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg. Starting from this threshold, complications can develop, such as the bleeding of esophageal varices, the appearance of ascites, or hepatic encephalopathy. Imaging techniques play an important role as a noninvasive method for determining whether portal hypertension is present. This article analyzes various imaging findings that can suggest the presence of portal hypertension and can help to define its etiology, severity, and possible complications.