Functional adaptation of the articular morphology of the proximal tarsus and its application in paleoanthropology

The tarsal bones adapt themselves to lengthy stress conditions by means of modificating the articular dimensions and morphology, as the most important external changes. We have studied this adaptation of the proximal tarsi bones on the skeletons of adult people coming from the Talajotic necropolis of S'Illot des Porros (Majorca, Spain)(VI-II BC). The methodology used for that purpose is based on the calculation of different indices in talus and calcaneus which indicate the load effect and the movement of talocrural and subtalar articulations. Non-pathological morphological variations of the anterior border of the talar trochlea and the articular surfaces of the subtalar articulation were also observed. The comparison of the Porros data with those of other ancient and modern populations has allowed us to define some of their characteristics.