TY - JOUR
T1 - Experimental infection of domestic geese (Anser anser var. domesticus) with H5N8 Gs/GD and H7N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses
AU - Sánchez-González, R.
AU - Ramis, A.
AU - Nofrarías, M.
AU - Wali, N.
AU - Valle, R.
AU - Pérez, M.
AU - Perlas, A.
AU - Majó, N.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the coordinated project RTA2015-00088-C03-03 of the Instituto Nacional de Investigaci?n y Tecnolog?a Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) and FI-DGR Pre-Doctoral Grant from the Agencia de Gesti?n de Ayudas Universitarias y de Investigaci?n (AGAUR).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Houghton Trust Ltd.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/12
Y1 - 2020/12
N2 - Prior to the emergence of the Asian-origin H5 Goose/Guangdong/1/96 (Gs/GD) lineage, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) had rarely caused high mortalities in domestic geese. In 2016/2017 European epidemics, H5N8 Gs/GD clade 2.3.4.4 Group B produced an unprecedented number of outbreaks in waterfowl holdings. In this study, the pathogenesis of H5N8 HPAIV in comparison with H7N1 HPAIV, and the role of domestic geese in the epidemiology of these viruses, were evaluated. Local and commercial geese (Anser anser var. domesticus) were intranasally inoculated with 105 ELD50 of A/goose/Spain/IA17CR02699/2017 (H5N8) or A/Chicken/Italy/5093/1999 (H7N1) and monitored daily during 15 days. H5N8 was highly virulent to domestic geese, reaching 100% mortality by 10 days post-infection. Systemic microscopic necrotizing lesions associated with widespread AIV-antigen were detected by IHC techniques, the central nervous system being the most severely affected. High viral loads, measured by qRT-PCR, were present in all samples collected: oral and cloacal swabs, plasma tissues, and moderate levels in pool water. Domestic geese were also susceptible to H7N1 infection, as demonstrated by seroconversion and detection of viral RNA in tissues and plasma in some geese, but all lacked clinical signs. Viral shedding was confirmed in only some geese and was restricted to the oral route, but levels were high and still detected at the end of the study. Overall, H7N1 presents a lower lethality and shedding than H5N8 in geese; however, the viral shedding indicates that these species could play a role in the epidemiology of Gs/GD and other lineages of HPAIVs. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS H5N8 Gs/GD clade 2.3.4.4 Group B is highly virulent to domestic geese. The severity of H5N8 is associated with multisystemic replication. H7N1 can infect domestic geese but is avirulent to this species. Domestic geese could play a role in the epidemiology of Gs/GD HPAIVs.
AB - Prior to the emergence of the Asian-origin H5 Goose/Guangdong/1/96 (Gs/GD) lineage, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) had rarely caused high mortalities in domestic geese. In 2016/2017 European epidemics, H5N8 Gs/GD clade 2.3.4.4 Group B produced an unprecedented number of outbreaks in waterfowl holdings. In this study, the pathogenesis of H5N8 HPAIV in comparison with H7N1 HPAIV, and the role of domestic geese in the epidemiology of these viruses, were evaluated. Local and commercial geese (Anser anser var. domesticus) were intranasally inoculated with 105 ELD50 of A/goose/Spain/IA17CR02699/2017 (H5N8) or A/Chicken/Italy/5093/1999 (H7N1) and monitored daily during 15 days. H5N8 was highly virulent to domestic geese, reaching 100% mortality by 10 days post-infection. Systemic microscopic necrotizing lesions associated with widespread AIV-antigen were detected by IHC techniques, the central nervous system being the most severely affected. High viral loads, measured by qRT-PCR, were present in all samples collected: oral and cloacal swabs, plasma tissues, and moderate levels in pool water. Domestic geese were also susceptible to H7N1 infection, as demonstrated by seroconversion and detection of viral RNA in tissues and plasma in some geese, but all lacked clinical signs. Viral shedding was confirmed in only some geese and was restricted to the oral route, but levels were high and still detected at the end of the study. Overall, H7N1 presents a lower lethality and shedding than H5N8 in geese; however, the viral shedding indicates that these species could play a role in the epidemiology of Gs/GD and other lineages of HPAIVs. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS H5N8 Gs/GD clade 2.3.4.4 Group B is highly virulent to domestic geese. The severity of H5N8 is associated with multisystemic replication. H7N1 can infect domestic geese but is avirulent to this species. Domestic geese could play a role in the epidemiology of Gs/GD HPAIVs.
KW - domestic geese
KW - Gs/GD lineage
KW - H7N1
KW - Highly pathogenic avian influenza
KW - pathogenicity
KW - shedding
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85095728543&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/03079457.2020.1809635
DO - 10.1080/03079457.2020.1809635
M3 - Article
C2 - 32795171
AN - SCOPUS:85095728543
SN - 0307-9457
VL - 49
SP - 642
EP - 657
JO - Avian Pathology
JF - Avian Pathology
IS - 6
ER -