TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of canine leishmaniosis vaccine CaniLeish® under field conditions in native dog populations from an endemic Mediterranean area–A randomized controlled trial
AU - Velez, R.
AU - Domenech, E.
AU - Rodríguez-Cortés, A.
AU - Barrios, D.
AU - Tebar, S.
AU - Fernández-Arévalo, A.
AU - Aguilar, R.
AU - Dobaño, C.
AU - Alberola, J.
AU - Cairó, J.
AU - Gállego, M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no 642609 . The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
We thank all dog owners for providing us access to their dogs. The research team is also supported by the Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) ( 2014SGR26 , 2017SGR00924 ) and by the Tropical Disease Cooperative Research Network ( RICET ) ( RD12/0018/0010 ). ISGlobal is a member of the Centres de Recerca de Catalunya (CERCA) Programme, Government of Catalonia (Spain). We thank Montserrat Portús for her support and helpful scientific discussions and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. Finally, we thank Trelawny Bond-Taylor for language revision and editing of the final manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/5
Y1 - 2020/5
N2 - Dog vaccination is considered an effective way of reducing Leishmania infantum infection incidence in the canine population, as well as its transmission to humans. However, the use of partially effective vaccines can have the detrimental effect of “masking” vaccinated asymptomatic carriers, capable of harbouring the parasite and transmitting it to naïve individuals. After eight years on the European market, few studies have been released on CaniLeish® vaccine safety and efficacy. The present study, a one-year randomized CaniLeish® vaccine field trial, was performed in a canine leishmaniosis endemic area and included animals selected from a native dog population (n = 168). No severe adverse reactions were observed in vaccinated dogs (n = 85). Cases of active L. infantum infection were detected by serological, molecular and clinical follow-up of dogs. One-year post-vaccination, no differences in number or severity of L. infantum active infections were observed between study groups (n = 4 in each group). Vaccine-induced cellular immunity, assessed through interferon-γ quantification, showed significantly higher levels of this cytokine one-month post-vaccination in the vaccine group (p < 0.001), but no differences were observed after nine months between trial groups (p = 0.078). These results fail to support the reported CaniLeish® efficacy in the prevention of active L. infantum infection in dogs from endemic areas and naturally exposed to the parasite.
AB - Dog vaccination is considered an effective way of reducing Leishmania infantum infection incidence in the canine population, as well as its transmission to humans. However, the use of partially effective vaccines can have the detrimental effect of “masking” vaccinated asymptomatic carriers, capable of harbouring the parasite and transmitting it to naïve individuals. After eight years on the European market, few studies have been released on CaniLeish® vaccine safety and efficacy. The present study, a one-year randomized CaniLeish® vaccine field trial, was performed in a canine leishmaniosis endemic area and included animals selected from a native dog population (n = 168). No severe adverse reactions were observed in vaccinated dogs (n = 85). Cases of active L. infantum infection were detected by serological, molecular and clinical follow-up of dogs. One-year post-vaccination, no differences in number or severity of L. infantum active infections were observed between study groups (n = 4 in each group). Vaccine-induced cellular immunity, assessed through interferon-γ quantification, showed significantly higher levels of this cytokine one-month post-vaccination in the vaccine group (p < 0.001), but no differences were observed after nine months between trial groups (p = 0.078). These results fail to support the reported CaniLeish® efficacy in the prevention of active L. infantum infection in dogs from endemic areas and naturally exposed to the parasite.
KW - CaniLeish® vaccine
KW - Canine leishmaniosis
KW - IFN-γ
KW - Longitudinal field trial
KW - qPCR
KW - Serology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079405019&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105387
DO - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105387
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 32035053
AN - SCOPUS:85079405019
VL - 205
JO - Acta Tropica
JF - Acta Tropica
SN - 0001-706X
M1 - 105387
ER -