DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP

M. Smith; M. Sullivan; C. B. D'Andrea; F. J. Castander; R. Casas; S. Prajs; A. Papadopoulos; R. C. Nichol; N. V. Karpenka; S. R. Bernard; P. Brown; R. Cartier; J. Cooke; C. Curtin; T. M. Davis; D. A. Finley; R. J. Foley; A. Gal-Yam; D. A. Goldstein; S. González-Gaitán; R. R. Gupta; D. A. Howell; C. Inserra; R. Kessler; C. Lidman; J. Marriner; P. Nugent; T. A. Pritchard; M. Sako; S. Smartt; R. C. Smith; H. Spinka; R. C. Thomas; R. C. Wolf; A. Zenteno; T. M.C. Abbott; A. Benoit-Lévy; E. Bertin; D. Brooks; E. Buckley-Geer; A. Carnero Rosell; M. Carrasco Kind; J. Carretero; M. Crocce; C. E. Cunha; L. N. Da Costa; S. Desai; H. T. Diehl; P. Doel; J. Estrada; A. E. Evrard; B. Flaugher; P. Fosalba; J. Frieman; D. W. Gerdes; D. Gruen; R. A. Gruendl; D. J. James; K. Kuehn; N. Kuropatkin; O. Lahav; T. S. Li; J. L. Marshall; P. Martini; C. J. Miller; R. Miquel; B. Nord; R. Ogando; A. A. Plazas; K. Reil; A. K. Romer; A. Roodman; E. S. Rykoff; E. Sanchez; V. Scarpine; M. Schubnell; I. Sevilla-Noarbe; M. Soares-Santos; F. Sobreira; E. Suchyta; M. E.C. Swanson; G. Tarle; A. R. Walker; W. Wester

doi:10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L8

DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP

M. Smith, M. Sullivan, C. B. D'Andrea, F. J. Castander, R. Casas, S. Prajs, A. Papadopoulos, R. C. Nichol, N. V. Karpenka, S. R. Bernard, P. Brown, R. Cartier, J. Cooke, C. Curtin, T. M. Davis, D. A. Finley, R. J. Foley, A. Gal-Yam, D. A. Goldstein, S. González-GaitánR. R. Gupta, D. A. Howell, C. Inserra, R. Kessler, C. Lidman, J. Marriner, P. Nugent, T. A. Pritchard, M. Sako, S. Smartt, R. C. Smith, H. Spinka, R. C. Thomas, R. C. Wolf, A. Zenteno, T. M.C. Abbott, A. Benoit-Lévy, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, M. Crocce, C. E. Cunha, L. N. Da Costa, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, P. Doel, J. Estrada, A. E. Evrard, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, J. Frieman, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, T. S. Li, J. L. Marshall, P. Martini, C. J. Miller, R. Miquel, B. Nord, R. Ogando, A. A. Plazas, K. Reil, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. S. Rykoff, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, M. Schubnell, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Soares-Santos, F. Sobreira, E. Suchyta, M. E.C. Swanson, G. Tarle, A. R. Walker, W. Wester

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

© 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We present DES14X3taz, a new hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) supernova program, with additional photometric data provided by the Survey Using DECam for Superluminous Supernovae. Spectra obtained using Optical System for Imaging and low-Intermediate-Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy on the Gran Telescopio CANARIAS show DES14X3taz is an SLSN-I at z = 0.608. Multi-color photometry reveals a double-peaked light curve: a blue and relatively bright initial peak that fades rapidly prior to the slower rise of the main light curve. Our multi-color photometry allows us, for the first time, to show that the initial peak cools from 22,000 to 8000 K over 15 rest-frame days, and is faster and brighter than any published core-collapse supernova, reaching 30% of the bolometric luminosity of the main peak. No physical 56Ni-powered model can fit this initial peak. We show that a shock-cooling model followed by a magnetar driving the second phase of the light curve can adequately explain the entire light curve of DES14X3taz. Models involving the shock-cooling of extended circumstellar material at a distance of ≃400 R⊙ are preferred over the cooling of shock-heated surface layers of a stellar envelope. We compare DES14X3taz to the few double-peaked SLSN-I events in the literature. Although the rise times and characteristics of these initial peaks differ, there exists the tantalizing possibility that they can be explained by one physical interpretation.

Original language	English
Article number	L8
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	818
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L8
Publication status	Published - 10 Feb 2016

Keywords

general
supernovae

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10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L8

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Smith, M., Sullivan, M., D'Andrea, C. B., Castander, F. J., Casas, R., Prajs, S., Papadopoulos, A., Nichol, R. C., Karpenka, N. V., Bernard, S. R., Brown, P., Cartier, R., Cooke, J., Curtin, C., Davis, T. M., Finley, D. A., Foley, R. J., Gal-Yam, A., Goldstein, D. A., ... Wester, W. (2016). DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 818(1), [L8]. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L8

Smith, M. ; Sullivan, M. ; D'Andrea, C. B. ; Castander, F. J. ; Casas, R. ; Prajs, S. ; Papadopoulos, A. ; Nichol, R. C. ; Karpenka, N. V. ; Bernard, S. R. ; Brown, P. ; Cartier, R. ; Cooke, J. ; Curtin, C. ; Davis, T. M. ; Finley, D. A. ; Foley, R. J. ; Gal-Yam, A. ; Goldstein, D. A. ; González-Gaitán, S. ; Gupta, R. R. ; Howell, D. A. ; Inserra, C. ; Kessler, R. ; Lidman, C. ; Marriner, J. ; Nugent, P. ; Pritchard, T. A. ; Sako, M. ; Smartt, S. ; Smith, R. C. ; Spinka, H. ; Thomas, R. C. ; Wolf, R. C. ; Zenteno, A. ; Abbott, T. M.C. ; Benoit-Lévy, A. ; Bertin, E. ; Brooks, D. ; Buckley-Geer, E. ; Rosell, A. Carnero ; Kind, M. Carrasco ; Carretero, J. ; Crocce, M. ; Cunha, C. E. ; Da Costa, L. N. ; Desai, S. ; Diehl, H. T. ; Doel, P. ; Estrada, J. ; Evrard, A. E. ; Flaugher, B. ; Fosalba, P. ; Frieman, J. ; Gerdes, D. W. ; Gruen, D. ; Gruendl, R. A. ; James, D. J. ; Kuehn, K. ; Kuropatkin, N. ; Lahav, O. ; Li, T. S. ; Marshall, J. L. ; Martini, P. ; Miller, C. J. ; Miquel, R. ; Nord, B. ; Ogando, R. ; Plazas, A. A. ; Reil, K. ; Romer, A. K. ; Roodman, A. ; Rykoff, E. S. ; Sanchez, E. ; Scarpine, V. ; Schubnell, M. ; Sevilla-Noarbe, I. ; Soares-Santos, M. ; Sobreira, F. ; Suchyta, E. ; Swanson, M. E.C. ; Tarle, G. ; Walker, A. R. ; Wester, W. / DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP. In: Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2016 ; Vol. 818, No. 1.

@article{443cbf2220b042ada5c853216d97262a,

title = "DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP",

abstract = "{\textcopyright} 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We present DES14X3taz, a new hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) supernova program, with additional photometric data provided by the Survey Using DECam for Superluminous Supernovae. Spectra obtained using Optical System for Imaging and low-Intermediate-Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy on the Gran Telescopio CANARIAS show DES14X3taz is an SLSN-I at z = 0.608. Multi-color photometry reveals a double-peaked light curve: a blue and relatively bright initial peak that fades rapidly prior to the slower rise of the main light curve. Our multi-color photometry allows us, for the first time, to show that the initial peak cools from 22,000 to 8000 K over 15 rest-frame days, and is faster and brighter than any published core-collapse supernova, reaching 30% of the bolometric luminosity of the main peak. No physical 56Ni-powered model can fit this initial peak. We show that a shock-cooling model followed by a magnetar driving the second phase of the light curve can adequately explain the entire light curve of DES14X3taz. Models involving the shock-cooling of extended circumstellar material at a distance of ≃400 R⊙ are preferred over the cooling of shock-heated surface layers of a stellar envelope. We compare DES14X3taz to the few double-peaked SLSN-I events in the literature. Although the rise times and characteristics of these initial peaks differ, there exists the tantalizing possibility that they can be explained by one physical interpretation.",

keywords = "general, supernovae",

author = "M. Smith and M. Sullivan and D'Andrea, {C. B.} and Castander, {F. J.} and R. Casas and S. Prajs and A. Papadopoulos and Nichol, {R. C.} and Karpenka, {N. V.} and Bernard, {S. R.} and P. Brown and R. Cartier and J. Cooke and C. Curtin and Davis, {T. M.} and Finley, {D. A.} and Foley, {R. J.} and A. Gal-Yam and Goldstein, {D. A.} and S. Gonz{\'a}lez-Gait{\'a}n and Gupta, {R. R.} and Howell, {D. A.} and C. Inserra and R. Kessler and C. Lidman and J. Marriner and P. Nugent and Pritchard, {T. A.} and M. Sako and S. Smartt and Smith, {R. C.} and H. Spinka and Thomas, {R. C.} and Wolf, {R. C.} and A. Zenteno and Abbott, {T. M.C.} and A. Benoit-L{\'e}vy and E. Bertin and D. Brooks and E. Buckley-Geer and Rosell, {A. Carnero} and Kind, {M. Carrasco} and J. Carretero and M. Crocce and Cunha, {C. E.} and {Da Costa}, {L. N.} and S. Desai and Diehl, {H. T.} and P. Doel and J. Estrada and Evrard, {A. E.} and B. Flaugher and P. Fosalba and J. Frieman and Gerdes, {D. W.} and D. Gruen and Gruendl, {R. A.} and James, {D. J.} and K. Kuehn and N. Kuropatkin and O. Lahav and Li, {T. S.} and Marshall, {J. L.} and P. Martini and Miller, {C. J.} and R. Miquel and B. Nord and R. Ogando and Plazas, {A. A.} and K. Reil and Romer, {A. K.} and A. Roodman and Rykoff, {E. S.} and E. Sanchez and V. Scarpine and M. Schubnell and I. Sevilla-Noarbe and M. Soares-Santos and F. Sobreira and E. Suchyta and Swanson, {M. E.C.} and G. Tarle and Walker, {A. R.} and W. Wester",

year = "2016",

month = feb,

day = "10",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L8",

language = "English",

volume = "818",

journal = "The astrophysical journal. Letters (Print)",

issn = "2041-8205",

number = "1",

}

Smith, M, Sullivan, M, D'Andrea, CB, Castander, FJ, Casas, R, Prajs, S, Papadopoulos, A, Nichol, RC, Karpenka, NV, Bernard, SR, Brown, P, Cartier, R, Cooke, J, Curtin, C, Davis, TM, Finley, DA, Foley, RJ, Gal-Yam, A, Goldstein, DA, González-Gaitán, S, Gupta, RR, Howell, DA, Inserra, C, Kessler, R, Lidman, C, Marriner, J, Nugent, P, Pritchard, TA, Sako, M, Smartt, S, Smith, RC, Spinka, H, Thomas, RC, Wolf, RC, Zenteno, A, Abbott, TMC, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Rosell, AC, Kind, MC, Carretero, J, Crocce, M, Cunha, CE, Da Costa, LN, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Doel, P, Estrada, J, Evrard, AE, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, Gerdes, DW, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, James, DJ, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Li, TS, Marshall, JL, Martini, P, Miller, CJ, Miquel, R, Nord, B, Ogando, R, Plazas, AA, Reil, K, Romer, AK, Roodman, A, Rykoff, ES, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schubnell, M, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, Walker, AR & Wester, W 2016, 'DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 818, no. 1, L8. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L8

DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP. / Smith, M.; Sullivan, M.; D'Andrea, C. B.; Castander, F. J.; Casas, R.; Prajs, S.; Papadopoulos, A.; Nichol, R. C.; Karpenka, N. V.; Bernard, S. R.; Brown, P.; Cartier, R.; Cooke, J.; Curtin, C.; Davis, T. M.; Finley, D. A.; Foley, R. J.; Gal-Yam, A.; Goldstein, D. A.; González-Gaitán, S.; Gupta, R. R.; Howell, D. A.; Inserra, C.; Kessler, R.; Lidman, C.; Marriner, J.; Nugent, P.; Pritchard, T. A.; Sako, M.; Smartt, S.; Smith, R. C.; Spinka, H.; Thomas, R. C.; Wolf, R. C.; Zenteno, A.; Abbott, T. M.C.; Benoit-Lévy, A.; Bertin, E.; Brooks, D.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Rosell, A. Carnero; Kind, M. Carrasco; Carretero, J.; Crocce, M.; Cunha, C. E.; Da Costa, L. N.; Desai, S.; Diehl, H. T.; Doel, P.; Estrada, J.; Evrard, A. E.; Flaugher, B.; Fosalba, P.; Frieman, J.; Gerdes, D. W.; Gruen, D.; Gruendl, R. A.; James, D. J.; Kuehn, K.; Kuropatkin, N.; Lahav, O.; Li, T. S.; Marshall, J. L.; Martini, P.; Miller, C. J.; Miquel, R.; Nord, B.; Ogando, R.; Plazas, A. A.; Reil, K.; Romer, A. K.; Roodman, A.; Rykoff, E. S.; Sanchez, E.; Scarpine, V.; Schubnell, M.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Soares-Santos, M.; Sobreira, F.; Suchyta, E.; Swanson, M. E.C.; Tarle, G.; Walker, A. R.; Wester, W.

In: Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 818, No. 1, L8, 10.02.2016.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Sullivan, M.

AU - D'Andrea, C. B.

AU - Castander, F. J.

AU - Casas, R.

AU - Prajs, S.

AU - Papadopoulos, A.

AU - Nichol, R. C.

AU - Karpenka, N. V.

AU - Bernard, S. R.

AU - Brown, P.

AU - Cartier, R.

AU - Cooke, J.

AU - Curtin, C.

AU - Davis, T. M.

AU - Finley, D. A.

AU - Foley, R. J.

AU - Gal-Yam, A.

AU - Goldstein, D. A.

AU - González-Gaitán, S.

AU - Gupta, R. R.

AU - Howell, D. A.

AU - Inserra, C.

AU - Kessler, R.

AU - Lidman, C.

AU - Marriner, J.

AU - Nugent, P.

AU - Pritchard, T. A.

AU - Sako, M.

AU - Smartt, S.

AU - Smith, R. C.

AU - Spinka, H.

AU - Thomas, R. C.

AU - Wolf, R. C.

AU - Zenteno, A.

AU - Abbott, T. M.C.

AU - Benoit-Lévy, A.

AU - Bertin, E.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Buckley-Geer, E.

AU - Rosell, A. Carnero

AU - Kind, M. Carrasco

AU - Carretero, J.

AU - Crocce, M.

AU - Cunha, C. E.

AU - Da Costa, L. N.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Doel, P.

AU - Estrada, J.

AU - Evrard, A. E.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Fosalba, P.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - Gerdes, D. W.

AU - Gruen, D.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Kuehn, K.

AU - Kuropatkin, N.

AU - Lahav, O.

AU - Li, T. S.

AU - Marshall, J. L.

AU - Martini, P.

AU - Miller, C. J.

AU - Miquel, R.

AU - Nord, B.

AU - Ogando, R.

AU - Plazas, A. A.

AU - Reil, K.

AU - Romer, A. K.

AU - Roodman, A.

AU - Rykoff, E. S.

AU - Sanchez, E.

AU - Scarpine, V.

AU - Schubnell, M.

AU - Sevilla-Noarbe, I.

AU - Soares-Santos, M.

AU - Sobreira, F.

AU - Suchyta, E.

AU - Swanson, M. E.C.

AU - Tarle, G.

AU - Walker, A. R.

AU - Wester, W.

PY - 2016/2/10

Y1 - 2016/2/10

N2 - © 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We present DES14X3taz, a new hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) supernova program, with additional photometric data provided by the Survey Using DECam for Superluminous Supernovae. Spectra obtained using Optical System for Imaging and low-Intermediate-Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy on the Gran Telescopio CANARIAS show DES14X3taz is an SLSN-I at z = 0.608. Multi-color photometry reveals a double-peaked light curve: a blue and relatively bright initial peak that fades rapidly prior to the slower rise of the main light curve. Our multi-color photometry allows us, for the first time, to show that the initial peak cools from 22,000 to 8000 K over 15 rest-frame days, and is faster and brighter than any published core-collapse supernova, reaching 30% of the bolometric luminosity of the main peak. No physical 56Ni-powered model can fit this initial peak. We show that a shock-cooling model followed by a magnetar driving the second phase of the light curve can adequately explain the entire light curve of DES14X3taz. Models involving the shock-cooling of extended circumstellar material at a distance of ≃400 R⊙ are preferred over the cooling of shock-heated surface layers of a stellar envelope. We compare DES14X3taz to the few double-peaked SLSN-I events in the literature. Although the rise times and characteristics of these initial peaks differ, there exists the tantalizing possibility that they can be explained by one physical interpretation.

AB - © 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We present DES14X3taz, a new hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) supernova program, with additional photometric data provided by the Survey Using DECam for Superluminous Supernovae. Spectra obtained using Optical System for Imaging and low-Intermediate-Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy on the Gran Telescopio CANARIAS show DES14X3taz is an SLSN-I at z = 0.608. Multi-color photometry reveals a double-peaked light curve: a blue and relatively bright initial peak that fades rapidly prior to the slower rise of the main light curve. Our multi-color photometry allows us, for the first time, to show that the initial peak cools from 22,000 to 8000 K over 15 rest-frame days, and is faster and brighter than any published core-collapse supernova, reaching 30% of the bolometric luminosity of the main peak. No physical 56Ni-powered model can fit this initial peak. We show that a shock-cooling model followed by a magnetar driving the second phase of the light curve can adequately explain the entire light curve of DES14X3taz. Models involving the shock-cooling of extended circumstellar material at a distance of ≃400 R⊙ are preferred over the cooling of shock-heated surface layers of a stellar envelope. We compare DES14X3taz to the few double-peaked SLSN-I events in the literature. Although the rise times and characteristics of these initial peaks differ, there exists the tantalizing possibility that they can be explained by one physical interpretation.

KW - general

KW - supernovae

U2 - 10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L8

DO - 10.3847/2041-8205/818/1/L8

M3 - Article

VL - 818

JO - The astrophysical journal. Letters (Print)

JF - The astrophysical journal. Letters (Print)

SN - 2041-8205

IS - 1

M1 - L8

ER -

DES14X3taz: A TYPE I SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SHOWING A LUMINOUS, RAPIDLY COOLING INITIAL PRE-PEAK BUMP

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