TY - JOUR
T1 - Controlled trials of ecstasy administration in humans
AU - Farré Albadalejo, Magí
AU - Roset Arissó, Pere N.
AU - De La Torre Fornell, Rafael
AU - Poudevida Jürschik, Sandra
AU - Abanades León, Sergio
AU - Peiró Peiró, Ana Ma
AU - Álvarez García, Yolanda
AU - Pizarro Lozano, Nieves
AU - Segura Agullo, Mireia
AU - Camí Morell, Jordi
PY - 2003/12/1
Y1 - 2003/12/1
N2 - Objective: to compile and analyse knowledge about the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of MDMA from controlled clinical trials in humans. Methods: the typical design of the trials was masked (double blind), randomized, cross-over, and controlled with placebo and/or an active drug. Results: MDMA increases the heart rate, arterial blood pressure, oxygen consumption by the heart and produced an enlargement of the QTC interval in the ECG. No statistical differences were found with placebo in the increase of body temperature. MDMA induce euphoria, well-being and activation. Neither ilusions nor hallucinations were described. An increase of beta activity and a decrease of alpha activity in the EEG was seen. A dose-dependent increase in the plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone and vasopresine was observed. Immunogically, MDMA posses an immunosupresor effect. Its pharmacokinetic properties seems to be non-lineal, with a tendency to accumulation at high doses. Conclusion: the results obtained in these controlled clinical trials increase our previous knowledge on MDMA and add new data related to its hormonal and immunological effects. Further studies are needed in order to better understand the effects and toxicity of MDMA.
AB - Objective: to compile and analyse knowledge about the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of MDMA from controlled clinical trials in humans. Methods: the typical design of the trials was masked (double blind), randomized, cross-over, and controlled with placebo and/or an active drug. Results: MDMA increases the heart rate, arterial blood pressure, oxygen consumption by the heart and produced an enlargement of the QTC interval in the ECG. No statistical differences were found with placebo in the increase of body temperature. MDMA induce euphoria, well-being and activation. Neither ilusions nor hallucinations were described. An increase of beta activity and a decrease of alpha activity in the EEG was seen. A dose-dependent increase in the plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone and vasopresine was observed. Immunogically, MDMA posses an immunosupresor effect. Its pharmacokinetic properties seems to be non-lineal, with a tendency to accumulation at high doses. Conclusion: the results obtained in these controlled clinical trials increase our previous knowledge on MDMA and add new data related to its hormonal and immunological effects. Further studies are needed in order to better understand the effects and toxicity of MDMA.
KW - Controlled clinical trial
KW - MDMA
KW - Pharmacokinetics
KW - Pharmacological effects
M3 - Review article
SN - 0214-4840
VL - 15
SP - 121
EP - 134
JO - Adicciones
JF - Adicciones
IS - SUPPL. 2
ER -