@article{74fb486e123e45169b46bcfea47db046,
title = "Comparison of biochars derived from different types of feedstock and their potential for heavy metal removal in multiple-metal solutions",
abstract = "Three different types of feedstocks and their biochars were used to remove Cr(III), Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions from a mixture of multiple heavy metals. The effect of the initial concentration of heavy metals in solution has been analysed, and kinetics modelling and a comparison of the adsorption capacity of such materials have been performed to elucidate the possible adsorption mechanisms. The results show that the adsorption capacity is dependent on the type of feedstock and on the pyrolysis conditions. The adsorption capacity of the biomass types is ranked as follows: FO (from sewage sludge)>> LO > ZO (both from agriculture biomass waste)>> CO (from wood biomass waste). Biochars, which are the product of the pyrolysis of feedstocks, clearly improve the adsorption efficiency in the case of those derived from wood and agricultural biomasses. Complexation and cation exchange have been found to be the two main adsorption mechanisms in systems containing multiple heavy metals, with cation exchange being the most significant. The pore structure of biomass/biochar cannot be neglected when investigating the adsorption mechanism of each material. All the disposal biomasses presented here are good alternatives for heavy metal removal from wastewaters.",
keywords = "biochar, feedstock, heavy metal, Removal, kinetics, adsorption",
author = "Zhao, \{Jing Jing\} and Xin-Jie Shen and Xavier Domene and Alca{\~n}iz, \{Josep M.\} and Xing Liao and \{Palet i Ball{\'u}s\}, Cristina",
note = "Acknowledgements: All the authors are grateful to the UAB Microscopy Service (Servei de Microsc{\`o}pia Electr{\`o}nica from UAB, Catalunya, Spain) for the SEM analysis; to M. Resina who helped perform the analysis of heavy metals by ICP-MS. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article{\textquoteright}s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article{\textquoteright}s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2019 {\textcopyright} 2019, The Author(s). ",
year = "2019",
month = jul,
day = "8",
doi = "10.1038/s41598-019-46234-4",
language = "English",
volume = "9",
pages = "9869--9880",
journal = "Scientific Reports",
issn = "2045-2322",
}
