Chylomicrons: Advances in biology, pathology, laboratory testing, and therapeutics

Josep Julve, Jesús M. Martín-Campos, Joan Carles Escolà-Gil, Francisco Blanco-Vaca

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articleResearchpeer-review

47 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. The adequate absorption of lipids is essential for all mammalian species due to their inability to synthesize some essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Chylomicrons (CMs) are large, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins that are produced in intestinal enterocytes in response to fat ingestion, which function to transport the ingested lipids to different tissues. In addition to the contribution of CMs to postprandial lipemia, their remnants, the degradation products following lipolysis by lipoprotein lipase, are linked to cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will focus on the structure-function and metabolism of CMs. Second, we will analyze the impact of gene defects reported to affect CM metabolism and, also, the role of CMs in other pathologies, such as atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Third, we will provide an overview of the laboratory tests currently used to study CM disorders, and, finally, we will highlight current treatments in diseases affecting CMs.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)134-148
JournalClinica Chimica Acta
Volume455
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 2016

Keywords

  • Abetalipoproteinemia
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Chylomicron
  • Chylomicron retention disease
  • Enterocyte
  • Hypobetalipoproteinemia
  • Laboratory testing
  • Therapy
  • Triglyceride
  • Type I hyperlipidemia
  • Type V hyperlipidemia

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