Ballistic Phonons in Ultrathin Nanowires

Daniel Vakulov; Subash Gireesan; Milo Y. Swinkels; Ruben Chavez; Tom Vogelaar; Pol Torres; Alessio Campo; Marta De Luca; Marcel A. Verheijen; Sebastian Koelling; Luca Gagliano; Jos E. M. Haverkort; F. Xavier Alvarez; Peter A. Bobbert; Ilaria Zardo; Erik P. A. M. Bakkers; Francesc Xavier Alvarez Calafell

doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00320

Ballistic Phonons in Ultrathin Nanowires

Daniel Vakulov, Subash Gireesan, Milo Y. Swinkels, Ruben Chavez, Tom Vogelaar, Pol Torres, Alessio Campo, Marta De Luca, Marcel A. Verheijen, Sebastian Koelling, Luca Gagliano, Jos E. M. Haverkort, F. Xavier Alvarez, Peter A. Bobbert, Ilaria Zardo, Erik P. A. M. Bakkers^*, Francesc Xavier Alvarez Calafell

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

23 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

According to Fourier's law, a temperature difference across a material results in a linear temperature profile and a thermal conductance that decreases inversely proportional to the system length. These are the hallmarks of diffusive heat flow. Here, we report heat flow in ultrathin (25 nm) GaP nanowires in the absence of a temperature gradient within the wire and find that the heat conductance is independent of wire length. These observations deviate from Fourier's law and are direct proof of ballistic heat flow, persisting for wire lengths up to at least 15 mu m at room temperature. When doubling the wire diameter, a remarkably sudden transition to diffusive heat flow is observed. The ballistic heat flow in the ultrathin wires can be modeled within Landauer's formalism by ballistic phonons with an extraordinarily long mean free path.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2703-2709
Number of pages	7
Journal	Nano Letters
Volume	20
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00320
Publication status	Published - 8 Apr 2020

Keywords

CONDUCTION
GaP
Nanowires
Raman spectroscopy
ballistic phonons
heat transport

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https://ddd.uab.cat/record/226283

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Vakulov, D., Gireesan, S., Swinkels, M. Y., Chavez, R., Vogelaar, T., Torres, P., Campo, A., De Luca, M., Verheijen, M. A., Koelling, S., Gagliano, L., Haverkort, J. E. M., Alvarez, F. X., Bobbert, P. A., Zardo, I., Bakkers, E. P. A. M., & Alvarez Calafell, F. X. (2020). Ballistic Phonons in Ultrathin Nanowires. Nano Letters, 20(4), 2703-2709. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00320

@article{7f50dc2ada814c98a763a0c55bcb6f51,

title = "Ballistic Phonons in Ultrathin Nanowires",

abstract = "According to Fourier's law, a temperature difference across a material results in a linear temperature profile and a thermal conductance that decreases inversely proportional to the system length. These are the hallmarks of diffusive heat flow. Here, we report heat flow in ultrathin (25 nm) GaP nanowires in the absence of a temperature gradient within the wire and find that the heat conductance is independent of wire length. These observations deviate from Fourier's law and are direct proof of ballistic heat flow, persisting for wire lengths up to at least 15 mu m at room temperature. When doubling the wire diameter, a remarkably sudden transition to diffusive heat flow is observed. The ballistic heat flow in the ultrathin wires can be modeled within Landauer's formalism by ballistic phonons with an extraordinarily long mean free path.",

keywords = "CONDUCTION, GaP, Nanowires, Raman spectroscopy, ballistic phonons, heat transport",

author = "Daniel Vakulov and Subash Gireesan and Swinkels, {Milo Y.} and Ruben Chavez and Tom Vogelaar and Pol Torres and Alessio Campo and {De Luca}, Marta and Verheijen, {Marcel A.} and Sebastian Koelling and Luca Gagliano and Haverkort, {Jos E. M.} and Alvarez, {F. Xavier} and Bobbert, {Peter A.} and Ilaria Zardo and Bakkers, {Erik P. A. M.} and {Alvarez Calafell}, {Francesc Xavier}",

year = "2020",

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doi = "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00320",

language = "English",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Ballistic Phonons in Ultrathin Nanowires

AU - Vakulov, Daniel

AU - Gireesan, Subash

AU - Swinkels, Milo Y.

AU - Chavez, Ruben

AU - Vogelaar, Tom

AU - Torres, Pol

AU - Campo, Alessio

AU - De Luca, Marta

AU - Verheijen, Marcel A.

AU - Koelling, Sebastian

AU - Gagliano, Luca

AU - Haverkort, Jos E. M.

AU - Alvarez, F. Xavier

AU - Bobbert, Peter A.

AU - Zardo, Ilaria

AU - Bakkers, Erik P. A. M.

AU - Alvarez Calafell, Francesc Xavier

PY - 2020/4/8

Y1 - 2020/4/8

N2 - According to Fourier's law, a temperature difference across a material results in a linear temperature profile and a thermal conductance that decreases inversely proportional to the system length. These are the hallmarks of diffusive heat flow. Here, we report heat flow in ultrathin (25 nm) GaP nanowires in the absence of a temperature gradient within the wire and find that the heat conductance is independent of wire length. These observations deviate from Fourier's law and are direct proof of ballistic heat flow, persisting for wire lengths up to at least 15 mu m at room temperature. When doubling the wire diameter, a remarkably sudden transition to diffusive heat flow is observed. The ballistic heat flow in the ultrathin wires can be modeled within Landauer's formalism by ballistic phonons with an extraordinarily long mean free path.

AB - According to Fourier's law, a temperature difference across a material results in a linear temperature profile and a thermal conductance that decreases inversely proportional to the system length. These are the hallmarks of diffusive heat flow. Here, we report heat flow in ultrathin (25 nm) GaP nanowires in the absence of a temperature gradient within the wire and find that the heat conductance is independent of wire length. These observations deviate from Fourier's law and are direct proof of ballistic heat flow, persisting for wire lengths up to at least 15 mu m at room temperature. When doubling the wire diameter, a remarkably sudden transition to diffusive heat flow is observed. The ballistic heat flow in the ultrathin wires can be modeled within Landauer's formalism by ballistic phonons with an extraordinarily long mean free path.

KW - CONDUCTION

KW - GaP

KW - Nanowires

KW - Raman spectroscopy

KW - ballistic phonons

KW - heat transport

U2 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00320

DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00320

M3 - Article

C2 - 32091910

SN - 1530-6984

VL - 20

SP - 2703

EP - 2709

JO - Nano Letters

JF - Nano Letters

IS - 4

ER -

Ballistic Phonons in Ultrathin Nanowires

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Keywords

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