TY - JOUR
T1 - Transcriptomic analysis and biomarkers (Rag1 and Igμ) for probing the immune system development in Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus
AU - Mao, Ming Guang
AU - Li, Xing
AU - Perálvarez-Marín, Alejandro
AU - Jiang, Jie Lan
AU - Jiang, Zhi Qiang
AU - Wen, Shi Hui
AU - Lü, Hui Qian
PY - 2015/6/1
Y1 - 2015/6/1
N2 - © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Mortality (>90%) is a big concern in larval rearing facilities of Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus, limiting its culture presently still in the experimental stages. Understanding the immune system development of G.macrocephalus is crucial to optimize the aquaculture of this species, to improve the use of economic resources and to avoid abuse of antibiotics. For the transcriptome analysis, using an Illumina sequencing platform, 61,775,698 raw reads were acquired. After a de novo assembly, 77,561 unigenes were obtained. We have classified functionally these transcripts by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). 27 genes mainly related to hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development and somatic diversification of immune receptors have been reported for the first time in Pacific cod, and 14 Ig heavy chain (. μ chain) locuses were assembled using Trinity. Based on our previous achievement, we have chosen Rag1 and Igμ as immune system development biomarkers. Full length cDNA of Rag1 and Igμ as biomarkers were obtained respectively using RACE PCR. Concerning Rag1, the deduced amino acid of Rag1 and protein immunodetection revealed a Rag1 isoform of 69kDa, significantly different from other fish orthologs, such as Oncorhynchus mykiss (121kDa). Phylogenetic analysis reveals a unique immune system for the Gadus genre, not exclusive for Atlantic cod, among vertebrates. Meanwhile, full length cDNA of Igμ included an ORF of 1710bp and the deduced amino acid was composed of a leader peptide, a variable domain, CH1, CH2, Hinge, CH3, CH4 and C-terminus, which was in accordance with most teleost. Absolute quantification PCR revealed that significant expression of Rag1 appeared earlier than Igμ, 61 and 95dph compared to 95dph, respectively. Here we report the first transcriptomic analysis of G.macrocephalus as the starting point for genetic research on immune system development towards improving the Pacific cod aquaculture.
AB - © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Mortality (>90%) is a big concern in larval rearing facilities of Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus, limiting its culture presently still in the experimental stages. Understanding the immune system development of G.macrocephalus is crucial to optimize the aquaculture of this species, to improve the use of economic resources and to avoid abuse of antibiotics. For the transcriptome analysis, using an Illumina sequencing platform, 61,775,698 raw reads were acquired. After a de novo assembly, 77,561 unigenes were obtained. We have classified functionally these transcripts by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). 27 genes mainly related to hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development and somatic diversification of immune receptors have been reported for the first time in Pacific cod, and 14 Ig heavy chain (. μ chain) locuses were assembled using Trinity. Based on our previous achievement, we have chosen Rag1 and Igμ as immune system development biomarkers. Full length cDNA of Rag1 and Igμ as biomarkers were obtained respectively using RACE PCR. Concerning Rag1, the deduced amino acid of Rag1 and protein immunodetection revealed a Rag1 isoform of 69kDa, significantly different from other fish orthologs, such as Oncorhynchus mykiss (121kDa). Phylogenetic analysis reveals a unique immune system for the Gadus genre, not exclusive for Atlantic cod, among vertebrates. Meanwhile, full length cDNA of Igμ included an ORF of 1710bp and the deduced amino acid was composed of a leader peptide, a variable domain, CH1, CH2, Hinge, CH3, CH4 and C-terminus, which was in accordance with most teleost. Absolute quantification PCR revealed that significant expression of Rag1 appeared earlier than Igμ, 61 and 95dph compared to 95dph, respectively. Here we report the first transcriptomic analysis of G.macrocephalus as the starting point for genetic research on immune system development towards improving the Pacific cod aquaculture.
KW - Development
KW - Gadus macrocephalus
KW - Igμ
KW - Immune system
KW - Rag1
KW - Transcriptome
U2 - 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.03.032
DO - 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.03.032
M3 - Article
SN - 1050-4648
VL - 44
SP - 622
EP - 632
JO - Fish and Shellfish Immunology
JF - Fish and Shellfish Immunology
IS - 2
ER -