TY - JOUR
T1 - The transition time to gambling disorder: The roles that age, gambling preference and personality traits play
AU - Pettorruso, M
AU - Testa, Giulia
AU - Granero Perez, Rosario
AU - Martinotti, G
AU - D'Andrea, G.
AU - Di Giannantonio, M
AU - Fernández‐Aranda, Fernando
AU - Mena-Moreno, Teresa
AU - Gómez-Peña, Mónica
AU - Moragas, Laura
AU - Baenas, Isabel
AU - Pino Gutiérrez, Amparo del
AU - Codina, E.
AU - Valenciano-Mendoza, Eduardo
AU - Mora-Maltas, Bernat
AU - Zoratto, F
AU - Valero-Solís, Susana
AU - Guillén-Guzmán, E
AU - Menchón, JM
AU - Jiménez Murcia, Susana
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - Background and aims: Gambling Disorder (GD) is considered a heterogeneous, multidimensional pathology with high personal and social consequences. The transition time (TT) between problematic gaming and pathological gambling, which varies significantly across patients, may predict the disorder's severity. As only limited studies have investigated the factors implicated in the TT, the current study set out to identify its predictors and their relationships with GD severity. Methods: Correlation were performed in 725 male GD patients to identify factors associated to TT and GD severity, including: age of onset of gambling behaviors, alcohol/drug use, personality traits and gambling preferences (i.e., strategic, non-strategic, and mixed). Then a regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of TT to GD. Results: Longer TT correlated with higher GD severity, early age of onset of problematic gambling, substance use and a non-strategic gambling preference. Personality traits including low self-directedness, high novelty seeking, and low cooperativeness were also related with longer TT. The strongest associations with GD severity were substance use, and some of the personality traits (i.e., low self-directedness and cooperativeness, high harm avoidance and self-transcendence). Factors significantly predicting longer transition to GD were older ages, low self-directedness, and non-strategic gambling. Conclusions: A clinical profile characterized by a longer TT and more severe GD symptoms pertains to older patients with low self-directedness, and preference for non-strategic gambling. Other relevant factors associated with this profile of patients included early age of onset problematic gambling, substance consumption, high novelty seeking and low cooperativeness.
AB - Background and aims: Gambling Disorder (GD) is considered a heterogeneous, multidimensional pathology with high personal and social consequences. The transition time (TT) between problematic gaming and pathological gambling, which varies significantly across patients, may predict the disorder's severity. As only limited studies have investigated the factors implicated in the TT, the current study set out to identify its predictors and their relationships with GD severity. Methods: Correlation were performed in 725 male GD patients to identify factors associated to TT and GD severity, including: age of onset of gambling behaviors, alcohol/drug use, personality traits and gambling preferences (i.e., strategic, non-strategic, and mixed). Then a regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of TT to GD. Results: Longer TT correlated with higher GD severity, early age of onset of problematic gambling, substance use and a non-strategic gambling preference. Personality traits including low self-directedness, high novelty seeking, and low cooperativeness were also related with longer TT. The strongest associations with GD severity were substance use, and some of the personality traits (i.e., low self-directedness and cooperativeness, high harm avoidance and self-transcendence). Factors significantly predicting longer transition to GD were older ages, low self-directedness, and non-strategic gambling. Conclusions: A clinical profile characterized by a longer TT and more severe GD symptoms pertains to older patients with low self-directedness, and preference for non-strategic gambling. Other relevant factors associated with this profile of patients included early age of onset problematic gambling, substance consumption, high novelty seeking and low cooperativeness.
KW - Gambling disorder
KW - Personality traits
KW - Self-directedness
KW - Substance use
KW - Transition time
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Male
KW - Personality
KW - Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
KW - Harm Reduction
KW - Gambling/epidemiology
KW - Surveys and Questionnaires
KW - Aged
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099215907&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/0adc2653-fbcb-30da-af68-14b53003cc6d/
U2 - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106813
DO - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106813
M3 - Article
C2 - 33453584
SN - 0306-4603
VL - 116
JO - Addictive Behaviours
JF - Addictive Behaviours
M1 - 106813
ER -