TY - JOUR
T1 - Regional, circuit and network heterogeneity of brain abnormalities in psychiatric disorders
AU - Segal, Ashlea
AU - Parkes, Linden
AU - Aquino, Kevin
AU - Kia, Seyed Mostafa
AU - Wolfers, Thomas
AU - Franke, Barbara
AU - Hoogman, Martine
AU - Beckmann, Christian F.
AU - Westlye, Lars T.
AU - Andreassen, Ole A.
AU - Zalesky, Andrew
AU - Harrison, Ben J.
AU - Davey, Christopher
AU - Soriano-Mas, Carles
AU - Cardoner, N. (Narcís)
AU - Tiego, Jeggan
AU - Yücel, Murat
AU - Braganza, Leah
AU - Suo, Chao
AU - Berk, Michael
AU - Cotton, Sue
AU - Bellgrove, Mark A.
AU - Marquand, Andre F.
AU - Fornito, Alex
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - The substantial individual heterogeneity that characterizes people with mental illness is often ignored by classical case-control research, which relies on group mean comparisons. Here we present a comprehensive, multiscale characterization of the heterogeneity of gray matter volume (GMV) differences in 1,294 cases diagnosed with one of six conditions (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia) and 1,465 matched controls. Normative models indicated that person-specific deviations from population expectations for regional GMV were highly heterogeneous, affecting the same area in <7% of people with the same diagnosis. However, these deviations were embedded within common functional circuits and networks in up to 56% of cases. The salience-ventral attention system was implicated transdiagnostically, with other systems selectively involved in depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Phenotypic differences between cases assigned the same diagnosis may thus arise from the heterogeneous localization of specific regional deviations, whereas phenotypic similarities may be attributable to the dysfunction of common functional circuits and networks. A new brain mapping approach tailored to individual people reveals that volume changes in psychiatric illness occur in highly variable locations across individuals, but that these differences often aggregate within common brain systems.
AB - The substantial individual heterogeneity that characterizes people with mental illness is often ignored by classical case-control research, which relies on group mean comparisons. Here we present a comprehensive, multiscale characterization of the heterogeneity of gray matter volume (GMV) differences in 1,294 cases diagnosed with one of six conditions (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia) and 1,465 matched controls. Normative models indicated that person-specific deviations from population expectations for regional GMV were highly heterogeneous, affecting the same area in <7% of people with the same diagnosis. However, these deviations were embedded within common functional circuits and networks in up to 56% of cases. The salience-ventral attention system was implicated transdiagnostically, with other systems selectively involved in depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Phenotypic differences between cases assigned the same diagnosis may thus arise from the heterogeneous localization of specific regional deviations, whereas phenotypic similarities may be attributable to the dysfunction of common functional circuits and networks. A new brain mapping approach tailored to individual people reveals that volume changes in psychiatric illness occur in highly variable locations across individuals, but that these differences often aggregate within common brain systems.
KW - Neuroscience
KW - Psychology
KW - Psychiatric disorders
U2 - 10.1038/s41593-023-01404-6
DO - 10.1038/s41593-023-01404-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 37580620
SN - 1097-6256
VL - 26
SP - 1613
EP - 1629
JO - Nature Neuroscience
JF - Nature Neuroscience
ER -