TY - JOUR
T1 - Quantifying the under-reporting of uncorrelated longitudal data
T2 - the genital warts example
AU - Moriña, David
AU - Fernández-Fontelo, Amanda
AU - Cabaña, Alejandra
AU - Puig, Pedro
AU - Monfil, Laura
AU - Brotons, Maria
AU - Diaz, Mireia
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/12/1
Y1 - 2021/12/1
N2 - Background: Genital warts are a common and highly contagious sexually transmitted disease. They have a large economic burden and affect several aspects of quality of life. Incidence data underestimate the real occurrence of genital warts because this infection is often under-reported, mostly due to their specific characteristics such as the asymptomatic course. Methods: Genital warts cases for the analysis were obtained from the Catalan public health system database (SIDIAP) for the period 2009-2016. People under 15 and over 94 years old were excluded from the analysis as the incidence of genital warts in this population is negligible. This work introduces a time series model based on a mixture of two distributions, capable of detecting the presence of under-reporting in the data. In order to identify potential differences in the magnitude of the under-reporting issue depending on sex and age, these covariates were included in the model. Results: This work shows that only about 80% in average of genital warts incidence in Catalunya in the period 2009-2016 was registered, although the frequency of under-reporting has been decreasing over the study period. It can also be seen that this issue has a deeper impact on women over 30 years old. Conclusions: Although this study shows that the quality of the registered data has improved over the considered period of time, the Catalan public health system is underestimating genital warts real burden in almost 10,000 cases, around 23% of the registered cases. The total annual cost is underestimated in about 10 million Euros respect the 54 million Euros annually devoted to genital warts in Catalunya, representing 0.4% of the total budget.
AB - Background: Genital warts are a common and highly contagious sexually transmitted disease. They have a large economic burden and affect several aspects of quality of life. Incidence data underestimate the real occurrence of genital warts because this infection is often under-reported, mostly due to their specific characteristics such as the asymptomatic course. Methods: Genital warts cases for the analysis were obtained from the Catalan public health system database (SIDIAP) for the period 2009-2016. People under 15 and over 94 years old were excluded from the analysis as the incidence of genital warts in this population is negligible. This work introduces a time series model based on a mixture of two distributions, capable of detecting the presence of under-reporting in the data. In order to identify potential differences in the magnitude of the under-reporting issue depending on sex and age, these covariates were included in the model. Results: This work shows that only about 80% in average of genital warts incidence in Catalunya in the period 2009-2016 was registered, although the frequency of under-reporting has been decreasing over the study period. It can also be seen that this issue has a deeper impact on women over 30 years old. Conclusions: Although this study shows that the quality of the registered data has improved over the considered period of time, the Catalan public health system is underestimating genital warts real burden in almost 10,000 cases, around 23% of the registered cases. The total annual cost is underestimated in about 10 million Euros respect the 54 million Euros annually devoted to genital warts in Catalunya, representing 0.4% of the total budget.
KW - Estimation
KW - Genital warts
KW - HPV
KW - Time series
KW - Under-reporting
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85098800694&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/4407de23-26bd-3e6b-a7c0-5adf08e6d57f/
U2 - 10.1186/s12874-020-01188-4
DO - 10.1186/s12874-020-01188-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 33407173
AN - SCOPUS:85098800694
SN - 1471-2288
VL - 21
SP - 6
JO - BMC Medical Research Methodology
JF - BMC Medical Research Methodology
IS - 1
M1 - 6
ER -