Lipoprotein(a) concentrations and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: Relationship to glycaemic control and diabetic complications

The aim of our study was to determine the lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and to evaluate Lp(a) concentrations in relation to glycaemic control and diabetic complications. We evaluate in a cross-sectional study a total of 103 NIDDM patients (52 males and 51 females; mean age of 62.5 years; mean of diabetes duration: 12 years) referred to our hospital because of poor glycaemic control, and a group of 108 non-diabetic subjects (57 males and 51 females). Results: mean Lp(a) concentration did not significantly differ between NIDDM patients and non-diabetic subjects (11.1 ± 14 vs. 16.2 ± 14 mg/dl). The distribution of Lp(a) levels was highly skewed towards the lower levels in both groups, being over 30 mg/dl in only 6% of NIDDM patients and 12% of controls. Patients with Lp(a) level over 10 mg/dl had lower haemoglobinale (HbA(1c)) than patients with Lp(a) levels over 10 mg/dl (8.5% vs. 10.4%; P < 0.01). Lp(a) concentration was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.05) and HbA(1c) (P < 0.05). No association was found between Lp(a) and sex, age, other lipidic parameters, microalbuminuria, type of treatment and presence of cardiovascular disease. These findings may suggest that glycaemic control could have a modulator role on Lp(a) concentration in NIDDM patients. In this study, diabetic complications did not seem to be associated with higher Lp(a) concentrations.