Le débridement enzymatique permet-t-il un traitement conservateur pour les brûlures cliniquement profondes? étude rétrospective

The hands are one of the main locations of burns. In deep second-degree and third-degree burns, the gold standard of treatment is surgical debridement and subsequent coverage, which can result in suboptimal aesthetic and functional results. The aim of our study is to assess whether treatment by initial enzymatic debridement (NexoBrid®) of deep second-degree and third-degree burns prevents the need for surgery. We carried out a retrospective study of 53 hands with deep burns treated in our centre from May 2015 to December 2016. Two experts evaluated the initial photographs of the burns and classified them as surgical or nonsurgical (interobserver kappa index = 0.83). These assessments were compared with the actual need for surgery on each hand. Sixteen of the 32 (50%) hands that the experts considered surgical spontaneously epithelialized. Four of the 17 hands (23.5%) that were not considered surgical required a split-thickness skin graft for healing. Enzymatic debridement helps to preserve viable tissue, which reduces the number and extension of surgical interventions, thus favouring better results.