Impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program on urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli

© The Author 2018. Published by Sociedad Española de Quimioterapia. All rights reserved. Objective. To analyze the clinical and economic impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) targeting urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. Methods. An observational retrospective study that included adults with a diagnosis of UTI caused by ESBL-producing E. coli admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Barcelona, Spain, between January 2014 and December 2015. The impact of the ASP was analyzed in terms of clinical and economic outcomes. Results. A total of 222 patients met the inclusion criteria and an intervention was made by the ASP team in 104 cases (47%). ASP intervention was an independent variable related to clinical cure (p = 0.008). Other variables influencing clinical outcomes were the McCabe Jackson score (p = 0.005) and outpatient status (p < 0.001). The ASP interventions in this study had no economic impact. Conclusion. Antimicrobial stewardship has a positive clinical impact on UTIs caused by ESBL-producing E. coli. Further prospective studies are needed to assess the economic impact of ASPs on UTI caused by ESBL-producing E. coli.