TY - JOUR
T1 - Humic acids reduce the genotoxicity of mitomycin C in the human lymphoblastoid cell line TK6
AU - Ferrara, G.
AU - Loffredo, E.
AU - Senesi, N.
AU - Marcos, R.
PY - 2006/1/31
Y1 - 2006/1/31
N2 - The antimutagenic/desmutagenic activity of a leonardite humic acid (LHA) and a soil humic acid (SHA) was studied in the cultured human lymphoblastoid cell line TK6 treated with mitomycin C (MMC) as reference mutagen by evaluating the induction of micronuclei (MN). Two different concentrations of HA were used, 2.5 and 10 μg/ml, in three different treatments: (1) HA alone (genotoxic test); (2) HA after 2-h pre-incubation with 0.3 μM of MMC (desmutagenic test) and (3) combinations of HA and MMC at 0.3 μM without pre-incubation (antimutagenic test). Neither of the HA used alone did produce genotoxic effects, but both HAs reduced significantly the frequencies of MN induced by MMC, especially in the desmutagenic test. A slight cell-protective effect against the cytoxicity of MMC was also exhibited by the two HAs in the desmutagenic test. The LHA showed a desmutagenic/antimutagenic activity that was more pronounced than that of SHA, which is possibly related to the higher carboxylic group content and lower phenolic group content of LHA. These results confirm the antigenotoxic action exerted by HAs in human cells, similarly to what has been previously observed in various plant species. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
AB - The antimutagenic/desmutagenic activity of a leonardite humic acid (LHA) and a soil humic acid (SHA) was studied in the cultured human lymphoblastoid cell line TK6 treated with mitomycin C (MMC) as reference mutagen by evaluating the induction of micronuclei (MN). Two different concentrations of HA were used, 2.5 and 10 μg/ml, in three different treatments: (1) HA alone (genotoxic test); (2) HA after 2-h pre-incubation with 0.3 μM of MMC (desmutagenic test) and (3) combinations of HA and MMC at 0.3 μM without pre-incubation (antimutagenic test). Neither of the HA used alone did produce genotoxic effects, but both HAs reduced significantly the frequencies of MN induced by MMC, especially in the desmutagenic test. A slight cell-protective effect against the cytoxicity of MMC was also exhibited by the two HAs in the desmutagenic test. The LHA showed a desmutagenic/antimutagenic activity that was more pronounced than that of SHA, which is possibly related to the higher carboxylic group content and lower phenolic group content of LHA. These results confirm the antigenotoxic action exerted by HAs in human cells, similarly to what has been previously observed in various plant species. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW - Antimutagenic activity
KW - Cytotoxicity
KW - Desmutagenic activity
KW - Genotoxicity
KW - Human lymphoblastoid cell line
KW - Humic acids
KW - Micronuclei
KW - Mitomycin C
U2 - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.10.014
DO - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.10.014
M3 - Article
SN - 1383-5718
VL - 603
SP - 27
EP - 32
JO - Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
JF - Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
ER -