TY - JOUR
T1 - Genomics and epigenomics of addiction
AU - Maldonado, Rafael
AU - Calvé, Pablo
AU - García-Blanco, Alejandra
AU - Domingo-Rodriguez, Laura
AU - Senabre, Eric
AU - Martín-García, Elena
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad‐MINECO (#SAF2017‐84060‐R‐AEI/FEDER‐UE), the Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III, RETICS‐RTA (#RD12/0028/0023), the Generalitat de Catalunya, AGAUR (#2017‐SGR‐669), ICREA‐Acadèmia (#2015) and the Spanish Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, Plan NAcional Sobre Drogas of the Spanish Ministry of Health (#PNSD‐2017I068) to R.M., Fundació La Marató‐TV3 (#2016/20‐30) and Plan NAcional Sobre Drogas of the Spanish Ministry of Health (#PNSD‐2019I006) to E.M‐G. Figures created with BioRender.com.
PY - 2021/4/5
Y1 - 2021/4/5
N2 - Recent progress in the genomics and epigenomics of addiction has contributed to improving our understanding of this complex mental disorder's etiology, filling the gap between genes, environment, and behavior. We review the behavioral genetic studies reporting gene and environment interactions that explain the polygenetic contribution to the resilience and vulnerability to develop addiction. We discuss the evidence of polymorphic candidate genes that confer susceptibility to develop addiction as well as the studies of specific epigenetic marks that contribute to vulnerability and resilience to addictive-like behavior. A particular emphasis has been devoted to the miRNA changes that are considered potential biomarkers. The increasing knowledge about the technology required to alter miRNA expression may provide promising novel therapeutic tools. Finally, we give future directions for the field's progress in disentangling the connection between genes, environment, and behavior.
AB - Recent progress in the genomics and epigenomics of addiction has contributed to improving our understanding of this complex mental disorder's etiology, filling the gap between genes, environment, and behavior. We review the behavioral genetic studies reporting gene and environment interactions that explain the polygenetic contribution to the resilience and vulnerability to develop addiction. We discuss the evidence of polymorphic candidate genes that confer susceptibility to develop addiction as well as the studies of specific epigenetic marks that contribute to vulnerability and resilience to addictive-like behavior. A particular emphasis has been devoted to the miRNA changes that are considered potential biomarkers. The increasing knowledge about the technology required to alter miRNA expression may provide promising novel therapeutic tools. Finally, we give future directions for the field's progress in disentangling the connection between genes, environment, and behavior.
KW - DNA methylation
KW - endophenotype
KW - epigenetic
KW - genes–environment interaction
KW - multifactorial
KW - polygenetic
U2 - 10.1002/ajmg.b.32843
DO - 10.1002/ajmg.b.32843
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33819378
AN - SCOPUS:85103602660
SN - 1552-4841
VL - 186
SP - 128
EP - 139
JO - American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
JF - American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
IS - 3
ER -