Combined Use of Short-Lived Radionuclides (234Th and 210Po) as Tracers of Sinking Particles in the Ocean

Radionuclides can provide key information on the temporal dimension of environmental processes, given their well-known rates of radioactive decay and production. Naturally occurring radionuclides, such as 234Th and 210Po, have been used as powerful particle tracers in the marine environment to study particle cycling and vertical export. Since their application to quantify the magnitude of particulate organic carbon (POC) export in the 1990s, 234Th and, to a lesser extent, 210Po have been widely used to characterize the magnitude of the biological carbon pump (BCP). Combining both radionuclides, with their different half-lives, biogeochemical behaviors, and input sources to the ocean, can help to better constrain POC export and capture BCP dynamics that would be missed by a single method. Here, we review the studies that have simultaneously used 234Th and 210Po as tracers of POC export, emphasizing what can be learned from their joint application, and provide recommendations and future directions.