Normalized NMR integration values from the metabolomic and lipidomic analysis of red blood cell extract from type 1 diabetes patients and matched healthy subjects

The aim of the study was the search of new biomarkers of the diabetes type 1 (T1D) in red blood cells (RBCs). For this, the metabolomic and the lipidomic profile of RBCs from T1D patients and matched healthy controls was determined by NMR spectroscopy, and different multivariate discrimination models were built to select the metabolites and lipids that change most significantly. Relevant metabolites were further confirmed by univariate statistical analysis. Robust separation in the metabolomic and lipidomic profiles of RBCs from patients and controls was confirmed by orthogonal projection on latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), random forest analysis and significance analysis of metabolites (SAM). The main changes were detected in the levels of amino acids, organic acids, creatine and phosphocreatine, lipid change length and choline derivatives, demonstrating changes ins glycolysis, BCAA metabolism, and phospholipid metabolism.