Fig. 10 in parasitised feathered dinosaurs as Cretaceous amber assemblages revealed

Fig. 10 Ticks and their possible feathered hosts in deep time. Simplified phylogenies of parasitiform Acari (top) and tetanuran Dinosauria leading to the bird lineage (bottom). Although filamentous integumentary structures are known in some ornithischians and pterosaurs, the latter are not represented for not belonging to the bird lineage. Time ranges supported by the fossil record are depicted with thick lines; those inferred appear in thin lines. Asterisk marks the inferred origin of modern birds (Neornithes). Known fossil occurrences of parasitiform mites (all in amber; stars correspond to tick records that can be related to feathered dinosaur hosts, presented in this paper; quaternary records excluded): Lebanese amber—1, Mesostigmata indet.; Burmese amber—2,? Opilioacarus groehni; 3 Cornupalpatum burmanicum, three specimens including the new one described herein entangled in a pennaceous feather; Compluriscutata vetulum, Amblyomma birmitum, and Amblyomma sp.; 4 Argasidae indet.; 5 Deinocroton draculi (herein); Raritan amber—6, Carios jerseyi; Baltic amber—7, Sejus bdelloides; Aclerogamasus stenocornis; Microgynioidea indet.; 8 Paracarus pristinus;?Opilioacarus aenigmus; 9 Ixodes succineus and Ixodes sp.; Mexican amber—10, Dendrolaelaps fossilis; Dominican amber—11, Amblyomma sp.; 12 Ornithodoros antiquus. An unpublished, badly preserved specimen from Spanish amber (105 Ma) has been not included, but it could be assignable to Deinocrotonidae. See Supplementary Notes 3, 4, and 6 for inferred time ranges used, parasitiform records shown, oldest occurrences of dinosaur groups depicted, and discussion on feather evidence in non-avialan dinosaurs. Neog. + Q. Neogene and Quaternary, D.F.H. diverse feeding habits, S.F. solid feeders, F.F. fluid feeders